164 
September, 1890. 
/ ORCHRRD feFfisIvRDE N \ 
©RCHARD^§ARDEN 
AN ILLUSTRATED MONTHLY 7 JOUR- 
NAL OF HORTICULTURE. 
Devoted exclusively to the Interest of the American 
Orchard, Vineyard, Fruit, Vegetable and 
Flower Garden. 
Progressive ! Reliable ! Practical I Scientific ! 
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Entered at the Post Office at Little Silver as second class 
matter. 
H. G. Cornet, Editor. 
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LITTLE SILVER, N. J„ SEPT., 1890. 
CONTENTS. 
Berry Patch. Seasonable Suggestions— Report on 
New Strawberries 161, 162 
Biographical. The late Patrick Barry 165 
Books Received 165 
Editorial 164, 165 
Fi.owkr Garden. The Culture of Freeslas— Floral 
Notes 168 
Fungi. The Entomosporium of the Pear and 
Quince— Chlorosis or Leaf-vellowlng 166, 167 
Household. TJ. S. Mail— Is it Necessary?— Fruit 
Pies— Comfort before Show— A Use for Old Let- 
ters— Stewed Pears— Scraps— The Winter Bed- 
ding-Fingers or Forks?— Seasonable Recipes— 
A Grape Jelly 169, 170 
Insects. Bugs— The Pear Slug — House Flies— A 
Remedy for Cabbage Worms 163 
Orchard. A New Quince-The Fuller— The Effect 
of London Purple and Paris Green upon Peach 
Foliage— September Work— Digging and Ship- 
ping Nursery Stock too Early in the Fall— Early 
Apples— The best Early Varieties 157, 158, 159 
Nuts and Nut Trees. Chestnut Culture— Preserv- 
ing Chestnut Seed 162 
Vegetable Garden. September Notes— The Rat- 
tlesnake Watermelon 167, 168 
Vineyard. September Suggest i on s— Pi c.k 1 n g 
Grapes— The Adaptation of Varieties to Loca- 
tion 161 
Our Clubbing List. 
We are again compelled to state that we 
are not responsible for the non-receipt of 
other papers ordered through us, after the 
first number of such paper has been receiv- 
ed, and that all complaints of their non-re 
ceipt should be made to the publishers of 
such papers and not to Orchard & Garden 
We shall be glad if our readers will again, 
this season as last, send us brief notes of 
their success or failure in treating Black 
rot and mildew in the manner indicated by 
Prof. Scribner in the Fungi Department of 
Orchard & Garden. The information af- 
forded by the replies sent us last year by 
our readers was of much value and we hope 
to hear this year of even greater success. 
Give full details with dates and modes of 
application of the mixtures. Address Prof. 
F. Lamson Scribner, Knoxville, Tenn. 
The prospect is favorable to a large crop 
of cranberries this vear. It is stated by the 
National Cranberry Association that the 
crop will be 20 percent, larger this year than 
last, which amounted to 135,000 bushels and 
of which the price was quoted at $5.00 per 
bushel. The scarcity of fruit this year will 
have a tendency to create a brisk demand 
for them and the possibility is that the price 
will not be any lower, hence this season’s 
crop has been estimated to be worth nearly 
a million dollars. 
Hardy perennials continue to grow in pop- 
ular -favor and the improved varieties now 
grown by nurserymen is one of the princi- 
pal causes of tliis direction of public taste. 
The superb new forms of old fashioned, 
homely favorites are astonishing to those 
who do not know them in their new garb. 
It is very evident that their day has come 
again and that henceforth hardy herbaceous 
plants will have full recognition. 
Childs’ Wineberry. 
Aside from the question of the identity of 
Child’s Wineberry with Rttbusphcenicolasius 
the fact remains that it is altogether due to 
Mr. Childs’ enterprise and extensive adver- 
tising that public attention has been called 
to this charming raspberry and its beauty 
and merits made known. No one who has 
seen it in fruit will venture to dispute its 
claim as an ornamental plant, or the juicy, 
sprightly and refreshing sub-acid quality of 
its fruit. 
The Fruit Crop of 1 890. 
The season of 1890 is likely to be remem- 
bered by reason of the general scarcity of 
fruit of almost all kinds. Crops which in 
the spring promised well are failures; in- 
sects and disease have seemingly got in their 
work unchecked by efficacious remedies, and 
the weather has been such, in many locali- 
ties, as to favor rot and mildew to an extra- 
ordinary degree. At the same time whilst 
the new and improved methods of treat- 
ing insects and disease are largely on the in- 
crease among progressive fruit growers 
there yet remain many who are content to 
go on in the old ruts and who take no stock 
in “new fangled ideas.” The indifference of 
the many counteracts the energetic action 
of the few and for lack of united effort the 
hindrances to successful fruit-growing re- 
main. 

Economy in Harvesting. 
The reduced y ield of fruit must be met 
with a greater degree of economy in pre- 
serving it. Apples will be worth a high 
price the comingwinter and hence all should 
be worked up to some degree of profit. 
There are ways of using inferior grades that 
will suggest themselves, such as drying, 
cider-making and vinegar-making, etc., and 
so with other fruits. The best grades must be 
packed for market separately, scarce though 
they be, and will bring a much better price 
than though increased by the addition of 
slightly inferior fruit. With true economy 
a greater profit is often made from a short 
crop than from a large one since prices are 
higher and the cost of handling the smaller 
crop is much less. The alert fruit-grou er 
will endeaver to make everything he grows 
bring in some returns, and will avoid waste 
of every sort. 
Plant With Caution. 
The high prices of fruit this season will 
induce hundreds to increase their acreage 
and cause many to take up fruit growing, 
more or less, who have not grown'it before. 
The wise man, however, will go slow, and 
before he makes any addition to his planta- 
tions, will consider carefully what has caus- 
ed the small supply and consequently high 
prices, and what particular kind of fruit 
brought the best price in comparison with the 
supply. It is quite possible to grow fruit 
and market it at a good profit even amid a 
glut, if it has been properly grown and, what 
is of more importance, the proper varieties 
have been selected at the start. That is the 
work to do now, and a very judicious selec- 
tion may be made by enquiry and observa- 
tion in the neighborhood and in the markets. 
As Dr. Hoskins says about apple growing, 
“There’s room enough up high.” 
Tomatoes for forcing in winter must be 
sown at once, or cuttings may be made from 
selected plants out doors and rooted in the 
propagating bed; then potted first into three 
inch pots and shifted before the plants get 
stunted, into fours, sixes and finally into 
eights. A further shift into ten inch pots 
is better if room can be had. Dwarf Cham- 
pion succeeds admirably from cuttings and 
is a fine variety for forcing. 
The New Jersey State Horticultural 
Society. 
This eminently progressive Society will 
hold its fifteen annual meeting in the build- 
ings of the Agricultural College and Experi- 
ment Station at New Brunswick, N. J., on 
Sept. 22nd. An exceedingly interesting 
programme has been prepared and efforts 
are being made to render this even more 
valuable and instructive than any of its 
previous sessions. It is anticipated that 
there will also be a large and fine exhibition 
of fruit, flowers and vegetables. All who 
are interested in horticulture are invited to 
attend and they should certainly not fail to 
do so. 
The Florists’ Convention. 
The Annual Convention of the Society of 
American Florist at Boston, Aug 19-22 was 
favored with a larger attendance than any 
former meeting and it was a satisfactory 
one both as regards the value of the essays 
and discussions and the social enjoymentof 
the visiting florists. At the close of the 
meeting visits were made by the Society to 
the famous gardens of Hayes and Hunne- 
well, in the vicinity of the Hub. The 
trade exhibits w r ere interesting and large, 
whilst the annual exhibition of the Massa- 
chusetts Horticultural Society, which was 
held in conjunction with the Florists’ Con- 
vention. was exceedingly fine; indeed, it 
was said by good judges to be the best 
display of the kind that had been made in 
this country for many years. 
The officers elected for the ensuing year 
are: President, M. H. Norton, Boston;Vice- 
President, John Chambers, Toronto; Secre- 
tary, W. J. Stewart, Boston; Treasurer, M. 
