VOL. XII. 
NOVEMBER. 1890. 
NO. 11. 
Seasonable Suggestions. 
For the Middle States there is no better 
season than fall for setting out all kinds of 
hardy trees and shrubs, with the exception 
of peaches and evergreens. We are aware 
that many are opposed to fall planting, but 
we presume they do so upon the grounds of 
their own poor success. We remember an 
instance of this kind that occurred a nura- 
^>er of years ago. It was late in December, 
the day was very pleasant, and there were 
several thousands of Reliance raspberries to 
be set out. Everything was in 
prime order to do the work well, 
but as the help at hand was not 
sufficient to do up all the work at 
once, the plants were simply set 
with the earth thrown in,' and 
left in that manner until all were 
planted, with the intention of get- 
ting all set that day, and then if 
there was time left, tbe soil would 
be tramped in and mounded up 
for the winter. But a blizzard 
came up that evening and stopped 
all work for that season, and the 
result was that the plants were 
nearly all killed by the winter. 
Ever since that time the party re- 
ferred to is strongly opposed to 
all kinds of fall planting. Had 
the soil been tramped and mound- 
ed up around and over the plants 
^a little before they froze, they 
would have come out in the spring 
in good condition. Fall planting 
requires the work to be done well, 
and we generally have more time 
to do it well then than in tbe 
spring. We have made it a point 
for the last th rty years to do all 
of our transplanting in the fall, 
when possible, with universal success, and 
we have seen many others do the same. 
Trees and plants, how- 
ever, set in tbe fall 
should havea banking 
of earth thrown up 
around them to keep 
the wind from mov- 
ing or swaying them 
about. This mound 
of earth should be re- 
moved in the spring 
and the trees and 
plants will be found 
firm and ready to 
start to growth decid- ; 
edly better than any 
spring set plants. In 
always best to select 
young, thrifty two-year-old tre^s, as they 
receive less injury in taking them up, 
and they transplant better ; the work 
also can be done more quickly, and they 
will cost less money. They will, as a 
general thing, bear quite as soon, if not 
sooner, as larger trees. We never advise 
heeling-in trees if they can be set out, for 
we have seen more injury from heeling-in 
than from transplanting, particularly in cold 
sections like Kansas, where we have no 
snow to protect them. In fact we have 
no safe method here except to cover up 
entirely with earth, and we have seen, even 
in such cases, trees and vines come out in 
the spring with their roots injured or dead. 
Seedlings should be taken up and stored 
away, easy of access, for grafting when 
needed. Young nursery trees should have 
a slight furrow thrown against them for 
planting trees it is 
The CiiAMriON Peach. 
winter protection ; so should all young 
budded trees, or the winter may kill them. 
All orchard implements should be stored 
away in a dry house for protection from the 
weather. All the rubbish of the orchard 
should be gathered up and destroyed or 
burnt. Do everything now that will save 
work in the spring. 
Cions may be now cut and tied in small 
bundles, with willow or tarred twine, and 
stored away in the celiar, with a label stuck 
in the top where it may be seen. They 
should be set on the end in damp sawdust, 
moss or earth, ready for use at any time — 
the different varieties by themselves, so 
there may be no difficulty in finding them 
without overhauling all to get perhaps one 
or more variety. The leaves need not be 
stripped off ; they will all come off readily 
when needed to graft; and they appear to 
keep equally as well if not better with the 
leaves on. It makes no difference, so far 
as we can see, whether the cions are taken 
from bearing trees or from young nursery 
trees, so far as their early bearing is con- 
cerned. We prefer, however, well-matured 
cions from whatever source they come. — J, 
Stayman. 
The Champion Peach. 
During the summer The Hoover and 
Gaines Co., Dayton, Ohio, writes us they 
knew of a Peach of such iron hardihood 
that it produced a crop each year, the 
present season being no exception, notwith- 
standing the fact that the blossoms of all 
other varieties in the neighborhood had 
been totally destroyed by the unfavorable 
winter — adding that the fruit was very fine 
in many ways and with no de- 
fects so far as noted, and asking 
our opinion of its value. Know- 
ing the house to be a conservative 
one and its chief officers horticul- 
turists of high standing, we replied 
assuring them that we thought a 
peach of their description would 
certainly be valuable, and request- 
ed samples which were kindly for- 
warded. We have since learned 
that the prodigy (for such we 
think it can justly be termed) is 
to be put upon the market in the 
autumn of 1891 under the name of 
Champion. (We regret another 
name has not been chosen for 
however well it merits this high- 
sounding cognomen, with the 
ChampionQuince.ChampionGrape 
etc., it will surely lead to confu- 
sion' and errors in the nursery.) 
Let the tree be what it may, the 
fruit possesses decided merit. It 
is medium to large, globular, al- 
most round, with slight suture 
pure white with a faint blush next 
the sun and the highest in quality 
of any variety of its class that we 
have yet seen — being exceedingly 
rich and melting. Flesh remarkably firm 
for an early peach and parts from the stone 
perfectly, leaving it dry and with no flesh 
adhering, like the Smock and other perfect 
freestones. Add to these many good quali- 
ties the merit of ironclad hardiness and reli- 
able bearing of the Wonderful and we have 
another wonderful peach under another 
name. 
Orchard Notings. 
SEEDLING FRUITS. 
“Could we prevent cross fertilization, 
how far would varieties reproduce them- 
selves,” is a question asked by a recent 
writer; and he adds — “Possibly by enclosing 
individual branches of our fruit trees in 
sacks we should discover that many of our 
varieties are capable of reproducing them- 
selves from seed.” What facts have we 
ORCHARD AND GARDEN. 
