January, 1391 . 
13 
GARDEN \ 
^ANN,AA'>A/V>\<.VV/W\A>V\Q^\A^WyVWWVA/^ 
t and the weather turns very cold let the snow 
lie and protect the plants, but brush it off 
when the sun shines out. — W. F. Massey. 
Trustworthy Varieties. 
The sorts named below are all tested and 
good sorts : 
Beans, Dwarf or Snaps. — Earliest Val- 
entine, Golden Was, and Dwarf Flageolet, 
Bush Lima. 
Pole Beans.— Large Lima, Dreer’s Lima. 
Beets. — Egyptian, Eclipse, Blood Turnip, 
Long Blood. 
Cabbage, Early. — Early Jersey Wake- 
field, Winningstadt, Early Summer, Fot- 
ler's Improved Brunswick. 
Cabbage, Late. — Late Flat Dutch, Drum- 
head Savoy. 
Carrot. — Early Horn, and Intermediate 
Red. 
Cauliflower.— Snowball, Extra Early 
Erfurt, Early Paris. 
Celery. — Giant Pascal, for South ; Boston 
Market, Half Dwarf, Sandringham, London 
Red. 
Corn, Sugar. — Cory, for North. For 
south of Potomac River, Black Mexican 
sometimes does well, but usually Adams’ 
Early must be used for first early; Mam- 
moth Sugar and Sto well’s Evergreen for late. 
Cccumber. — White Spine, and Nichol's 
Medium Green. 
Egg Plant. — New York Improved; Black 
Pekin is more certain southward. 
Lettuce for spring sowing.— Henderson’s 
New York, Deacon, Hanson. 
Musk Melons. — Emerald Gem, Baltimore, 
Jenny Lind; with Hackensack for market. 
Watermelons . — Georgia Rattlesnake, 
Mountain Sweet for home use, and Kolb’s 
Gem for market. 
Okra. — White Velvet. 
Onions. — For famdy use, Early Queen, 
White Tripoli. 
Parsnip. — Long Smooth Hollow Crown. 
Peas, Ex. Early . — Dan’l. O’Rourke, Tate’s 
Nonpareil. Early. — Hancock, for market. 
For home use, Alpha, Premium Gem. 
Main Crop. — Yorkshire Hero, Horsford’s 
Market Garden, Stratagem, Blue Imperial, 
Champion of England. 
Pepper, — Crimson Cluster, Childs’ Celes- 
tial, Ruby King, Large Bell. 
Radish. — Wood’s Early Frame, Scarlet 
Turnip, Chartier. 
Salsify. — Sandwich Island. 
Spinach. — Savoy Leaf, Prickly Seeded. 
Tomato. — Beauty, Ignotum, Atlantic 
Prize, Lorillard, Dwarf Champion, Brandy- 
wine. 
The list might be extended very much, 
but no one can be much disappointed with 
these. — W. F. Massey. 
Manure in the Garden. 
During an experience of sixteen years in 
t market gardening, I have always found 
that manure is the ground work of success- 
ful gardening and that success depends 
greatly on the amount and quality of that 
used. Good seed, good cultivation, and 
good and judicious marketing, are all quite 
essential, but the soil is the foundation of 
all. We may have rich soil at the start, 
but it will not remain so if we grow contin- 
uous crops on it without returning any- 
thing. Market gardening requires manure 
in more liberal quantities than any other 
branch of agriculture, and no satisfactory 
crop of vegetables, either in quality or 
quantity, can be expected, however favor- 
able all other conditions maybe, without an 
abundance of manure in some shape, 
though thorough cultivation goes a good 
way towards it. 
As it is the early vegetables that find the 
quickest sale and bring the highest price, 
the crop must be stimulated to rapid 
growth. We are therefore compelled not 
only to use much larger quantities, but it 
must act quickly. 
Manure produced by animals is much the 
richest, and the easiest procured, but there 
is other matter that may be reduced to 
plant food and cost very little money. 
When I commenced gardening I had no 
stock, and all the manure I used I had to 
buy, therefore the subject became an im- 
portant one with me. I found that leaves 
were one of the most powerful fertilizeis 
and I had them gathered and piled in the 
woods, together with the richest of the sur- 
face loam, and the whole covered with loam 
to hold any gase» that might form, and also 
to aid in decomposition. These piles were 
left through the summer, and just before 
winter set in hauled home and composted 
by putting it in alternate layers with stable 
manure until a large heap was made. I have 
used two loads of leaf mold to one of stable 
manure, when manure was scarce or hard 
to get. This heap is built so as to hold all 
the rain that falls until thoroughly wet to 
the bottom. If not enough rain, water is 
Deacon Lettuce. Fig. 1126. 
poured on and it is then covered with five 
or six inches of soil, a roof put over it and 
thus kept until wanted for use. When 
wanted, dig it down and turn it over, which 
will dry it out and cause it to become nicely 
pulverized. I have found this compost the 
most effective of any manure or fertilizer 
I ever used in the garden. It seems to suit 
all classes of vegetables and there is no 
danger of applying it too heavily as it will 
not burn the crop like some other manures, 
should the season prove a dry one. Some 
crops are gross feeders and do well with 
coarse manure, but most garden crops re- 
quire well rotted compost. 
Keeping the soil loose and mellow enables 
it to absorb and store up much ammonia 
from the atmosphere, and absorb and hold 
the nitrogen brought down by the summer 
thunder-showers. 
Where the gardener can so arrange his 
crops as to keep a part of his garden in red 
clover, he may, through the agency of this 
crop, collect nitrogen from the air with a 
Snowball Cauliflower. Fig. 1077. 
rapidity and in abundance far exceeding 
that of w hich his crops rob the soil. 
Another cheap fertilizer, I have noticed, 
may be gained by setting a portion of the 
garden in strawberries. Cultivate them the 
first year for the fruit and the second year, 
after bearing, turn them under. I have 
found strawberry plants almost equal to 
clover as a renovator of the soil.— Thos. D. 
Baird, Kentucky. 
Orchard and Garden Clubbing List. 
We offer special inducements for subscriptions to 
other periodicals in combination with Orchard & Gar- 
den. This we do for the benefit aDd convenience of 
our readers. In many cases both papers may be secured 
for the price of one and always for less than the two 
papers can he obtained separately. Remit to us the 
amount named in the right hand column, and both pa- 
pers will then be sent, postpaid, for one year; Orchard 
and Garden from us and the other directly from the 
place of publication. Should more than one paper be 
desired, with Orchard and Garden, add the corres- 
ponding prices of each paper (at the right hand column) 
and deduct 35 cents for each paper additional to the 
two. 
Cash must accompany the order in all cases, address- 
ed to 
ORCHARD and CARDEN, 
Little Silver, Monmouth Co., N. J. 
Money Order Office: lied Bank , N. J. 
X 
V . 
■3 “• 
ft. 
Name of Paper. 
<o 
id 
SI. 50 
LOO 
.25 
4.00 
2.50 
.50 
.50 
.35 
.50 
4.00 
1.00 
.50 
.50 
4.00 
4.00 
3.00 
.50 
5.00 
1.25 
1.00 
2.00 
1.25 
2 00 
2.00 
1.00 
3.00 
3.00 
1.25 
1.65 
1.75 
1.75 
American Agriculturist 
American Bee Journal (weekly). 
Beekeeper’s Magazine 
Century Magazine 
Country Gentleman 
Farm and Fireside 
Farm and Home (semi-monthlv) 
Fancier’s Review, 
Farm Journal 
Garden and Forest 
Gleanings in Bee Culture 
Green’s Fruit Grower 
Home and Farm, semi-monthly . 
Harper’s Weekly 
Harper’s Magazine 
Horticultural Art Journal 
Housewife, monthly 
North American Review 
Ohio Farmer 
Orange Judd Farmer, weekly 
New England Farmer, weekly, 
Poultry Monthly 
Prairie Farmer 
Rural New Yorker 
Southern Cultivator and Dixie Farmer. 
Scribner’s Monthly Magazine 
St. Nicholas 
Vick’s Monthly Magazine 
Western Rural 
Youth’s Companion (new subscribers). . 
YouthsCompanion(renewals or transfers 
from one family member to another) . . . 
1.50 
1.40 
.75 
4.00 
2.50 
,9J 
.75 
.75 
.75 
4.00 
1.40 
.75 
.90 
4.00 
4.00 
3.00 
.70 
5.00 
1.40 
1.25 
2.00 
1.40 
2.00 
2.25 
1.50 
3.00 
3.u0 
1.30 
1.90 
1.75 
2.25 
