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GARDEN 
May, 1891. 
©RCHARD^°§ARDEN 
AX ILLUSTRATED MONTHLY JOUR- 
NAL OF HORTICULTURE. 
Devoted exclusively to the Interest of the American 
Orchard. Vineyard, Fruit, Vegetable and 
Flower Garden. 
Progressive ! Reliable ! Practical ! Scientific ! 
Subscription Price, 50 Cents per Annum 
Five Yearly Subscriptions for $2.00. 
Entered at the Post Office at Little Silver as second class 
matter. 
H. G. Cornet, Editor. 
Advertising; Rates. 
Per Agate line, each insertion 30c 
One Page, “ $90.00 
One half Page “ 50.00 
One quarter Page *• 30.00 
Rates for yearly ads. and for 250 lines or over giv- 
en upon application. 
Reading notices ending with adv. per line nonpa- 
reil, 50c. Preferred position ten per cent, extra. 
LITTLE SILVER, N. J., MAY. 1891. 
CONTEXTS. 
Berry Patch. Juneberries— The Currant Worm 
—Late Planting— The Whortleberry— Gooseber- 
ries —Notes and Suggestions . 86, 87 
Biographical. Professor C. C. Georgeson 90 
Book Review 91 
Catalogues Received. 91 
Flower Garden. Sowing Seeds — Chrysanthe- 
mums— The Plant Border— Ipomoeas — A new 
Dwarf Salvia— New Double Annual Chrysanthe- 
mum— Japan Anemones— St. Bruno’s Lily - The 
Crimson Mallow— The Asphodels— Rhodotyphus 
Kerrioides— The Corn Flower— Greenhouse Pyre- m 
thrums 85, 86 
Household. The Aladdin Oven— Salt and News- 
papers— Howto Wash Colored Dresses— Women 
as Wage-earners- Eggs— A Revolving Cupboard 
—Early Preserving— Other Seasonable Recipes. 97, 
Insects. The Best Means to Destroy Rosebugs— 
Arsenites for the Plum Curculio 95, 93 
Lawn. Evergreens for the Lawn— Berberis Thun- 
bergii— Purple-Leaved Berberry— Daphne Mez- 
ereurn — Daphne Cneorum — Double-Flowering 
Cherries- The Catalpa — Cut- Leaved Sumach— 
Rhus Osbeckii— Rhus Cotinus — The Deutzias— 
Xanthoceras Sorblfolia— Viburnum Plicatum...83, 84 
Orchard. May — The Pawpaw— Fungicides and 
Insecticides— Mice in the Orchard— The Codlin 
Moth— Winter Apples in California— The Sbia- 
wassie Beauty Apple— Spray the Fruit Trees . . .88, 89 
Vegetable Garden. The Spring Work— Melons, 
Etc.— Tomatoes— Egg Plants and Peppers— Train- 
ing Vines— Potatoes— Sweet Potatoes— Beginning 
Market Gaadening— Early Peas— Musk Melons— 
Winter Squashes 92, 93, 94 
Vineyard. May Memoranda— Resistant Roots for ’ 
Grapes— The Colerain Grape— Fungus Diseases of 
the Grape and Other Plants 94, 95 
“Come, my spade. There is no ancient 
gentlemen but gardeners, ditchers, and 
grave makers; they hold up Adam’s profes- 
sion.” — Hamlet. 
We would like all our readers glance 
over the advertisement of our new book 
“Fungus Diseases of the Grape and Other 
Plants” on second page of cover and note 
the brief extracts we make from notices of 
critical men. Now is the time to get this 
work and follow its advice. 
“Common names for plants are very use- 
ful, but they should so plainly express some 
habit or characteristic of the plant or flow- 
er as to lie readily understood by common 
people; at least they should not be mislead- 
ing. and the same common name should 
not be applied to several plants that are 
notably different in many particulars.” — f. 
B. Mead, on page 85. 
Prof. C. C. Georgeson. 
Charles C. Georgeson was born on June 26, 
1851 on the island of Largeland, Denmark. 
He received his early education at private 
tuition and afterwards attended the public 
schools. At the age of sixteen years he 
took up the study of horticulture and began 
a five years’ apprenticeship to gardening on 
a large, private estate which he served out. 
Then at the early age of twenty-one he be- 
came superintendent of the garden and 
grounds of Count Moltke-Hoidtfell in south- 
ern Sweden, an excellent position with very 
promising prospects, but a desire for more 
independence and greater freedom than the 
best position there could afford him, caused 
him to come to theUnited States in 1873. For 
a period of two years immediately suceed 
ing his arrival he conducted horticultural 
operations in the neighborhood of New York, 
but realizing that a better knowledge of 
the English language, and of American 
methods was an important essential to Suc- 
cess, he entered the Michigan State Agri- 
cultural College as a student in 1875. The 
atmosphere of this most excellent institution 
turned the currant of his thoughts from 
horticulture to her sister science, agricul- 
ture, to which study he devoted himself 
with the zeal and earnestness characteristic 
of him. He completed his college course 
and upon his graduation was offered and 
accepted a position on the Rural New Yorker 
as assistant editor. This congenial position 
he held until called to fill the chair of Ag- 
riculture and Horticulture at the Agricul- 
tural College of Texas. This he resigned, 
after three years occupancy, to engage in 
private enterprises which occupied him un- 
til the offer of the professorship of Agricul- 
ture and Horticulture at the Imperial Col- 
lege of Agriculture, Tokio, Japan, called 
him across the sea. His engagement was 
for three years and he held the position un- 
til the Japanese gentleman who was to suc- 
ceed him had prepared himself to fill it, by 
travel and study in Europe and America. 
Returning to this country in the autumn of 
1889, Prof. Georgeson was soon offered the 
chair of Agriculture at the State Agricul- 
tural College of Kansas, which he accepted, 
and which position he now holds. 
Prof. Georgeson is undoubtedly a rising 
man. His recent work at his post in Kan- 
sas puts him in the foremost group of ag- 
riculturists, and is winning him no end of 
reputation at the West. Whilst his present 
thought and action is devoted more par- 
ticularly to the advancement of agriculture 
we must not forget that he is a trained hor- 
ticulturist, and our readers will doubtless 
remember with pleasure many articles from 
his pen that have appeared in Orchard and 
Garden. 
Preparing; for the Harvest. 
The indications are that the crop of straw- 
berries, and indeed of all fruit, will be large 
this season, and unless carefully handled, 
many bushels of strawberries will go to 
market for which the returns will scarcely 
pay the cost of production. The only way 
to avoid the loss consequent upon a full 
crop all around and a glutted market is to 
increase the quality and heighten the grade 
of the berries that are sent to market. Care 
in this particular will make all the differ- 
ence that exists between what is termed 
No. 1 fruit and that which is dumped into 
the river. 
The large cities will pay a good price for 
large berries if uniform in size, and the 
small country towns will furnish the mar- 
ket for the smaller berries, where size is not 
of so much importance as low cost. It is 
surprising, too, how much fruit or other 
produce may be disposed of in our local 
markets, right at home we may say, if we 
only make the attempt. A regular supply 
will always create a demand. Before the 
berries are ripe, arrangements should be 
fully consummated, and plans matured, for 
the disposal of the crop, so that when the 
moment of shipment comes there need be 
no hesitation. The same foresight should 
be executed in providing for an ample sup- 
ply of crates, baskets, etc., for marketing 
the crop. In many ways may much be 
done in advance to lessen the responsibili- 
ties and work of the berry harvest, which, 
when it is here, requires prompt treatment 
in all its details. 
Is the Use of Arsenites Dangerous? 
We have always urged due caution in the 
use of the many chemical compounds and 
insecticides that have recently been intro- 
duced in connection with spraying fruit 
trees, etc., but we certainly cannot agree with 
those who would let the crop go, and ene- 
mies prevail, rather than use remedies which 
might, perhaps, prove injurious to oursel- 
ves. Referring more part'cularly to the use 
of the arsenites, Paris green and London 
purple, we have r.o doubt that many persons 
are deterred from spraying their orchards 
or fruit trees by the idea that the practice 
is dangerous, and that those who used the 
fruit might be poisoned. This objection has 
also been advanced by people as an excuse 
for permitting their currant and gooseberry 
bushes to be literally stripped of foliage, for 
k. 
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