May, 1891. 
ORCH PiR D g fRN O Pi R D E W \ 
91 
if they used hellibore.even in the small pro- 
portion required, some one might eat the 
fruit and get poisoned. May we say right 
here, that it has been proved again and again 
that in regard to persons using sprayed fruit 
there is absolutely no danger at all. Paris 
green or London purple may be safely used 
upon fruit up to within four weeks of pick- 
ing, and if not used later than that, the wind 
and rain will have removed all trace of the 
poison before the fruit is used. Notwith- 
standing the immense amount of Paris 
green, London purple, and similar poison- 
ous insecticides that has been used and the 
various ways, many of them very poor and 
careless ways, in which they are used, we 
have yet to learn of the first instance of a 
person being seriously poisoned from their 
use for this purpose. The benefits of spray- 
ing are too great to be abandoned at so 
small an occasion for fear. 
Evergreens. 
May is a good month for transplanting 
evergreens, and is preferred by some plant- 
ers. Whatever time is chosen, stress should 
be laid upon the importance of keeping 
roots moist all the time they are out of the 
ground. This is really the main secret of 
success in transplanting evergreens and is 
more essential with them than in the case 
of any other nursery stock. Under the 
“Lawn” department of this number will be 
found some interesting notes on evergreens 
for lawn planting. 
• — 
Our Duty to Our Neighbor. 
Prof. Bryon Halsted is right when he 
urges individual as well as Legislative 
action in combating Black Knot of the 
plum and cherry, and his words should be 
heeded by all conscientious fruit growers. 
What needs to be done is to remove the 
Black Knot from the orchards and gardens 
throughout the state. If there are only a 
few isolated exerescenses here and there 
upon the plum and cherry trees, the impor- 
tance of removing these is still great, for 
they are seats of a contagious disease that 
constantly gains ground through any delay. 
Should the tree be badly infested and prac- 
tically" worthless, let it no longer encumber 
the ground. Let all such he cut down and 
burned at once. Seek out any knot-bearing 
plum or cherry tree, wild or tame, that 
stands in the highway or fence-row, and 
cut and burn it. The loss of the tree or 
shrub, as such, will be as nothing when 
compared with the gain in choice fruit in 
the future. Last, but not^east, passthrough 
the wood-lot with axe in hand, and destroy 
every specimen of choke cherry or other 
knot-bearing lealitive that may be lurking 
there. Last of all, take an active interest in 
the matter outside your own domain, and 
if possible see that your neighbors upon all 
Vsides do as you have done. This is nothing 
more than your duty that is here brought 
to your notice. 
The World’s Fair Horticultural De- 
partment. 
An effort is being made to have a Cali- 
fornian appointed Chief of the Horticul- 
tural Department at the Columbian Expos- 
ition in Chicago, but it is meeting with con- 
siderable opposition from eastern fruit- 
growers. California has no claim that can 
justly take precedence of the East. There 
are counties alone in New York State that 
ship much more fruit in a year than does 
California with all its boasted exports. Who- 
ever may be appointed it is to be hoped he 
will be a fit man for the place and a horti- 
culturist; such a man, in fact, as we present- 
ed last month, James D. Raynolds. 
We hope our readers will not fail to send 
us notes on new varieties of both fruit and 
vegetables as they grow with them. 
Book Review. 
The New Potato Culture. By Elbert S. Carman, 
Editor of The Rural New-Yorker. The author has 
given a considerable portion of bis time during the 
past fifteen years to potato experimentation in the 
hopes of throwing additional light upon the various 
questions involved in the central problem, “How to 
increase the yield without proportionately increasing 
the cost of production.” 
As experiments were carried on from year to year, it 
was found that the yield from the experiment plot was 
increased at the rate of from 100 to 500 bushels to the 
acre; that portions yielded at the rate of over 1.000; 
that certain hills and certain varieties, treated appar- 
ently the same as the rest, yielded over 1,500 bushels 
to tne acre. Would it be possible toaseer ain what the 
exact conditions were which gave such yields ? Would 
it be possible to approach them on acres instead of 
plots ? Would it be possible to furnish equivalent 
conditions to acres in an economical way “1 
The reader who has the patience to consider with 
some care The New Potato Culture, may judge for 
himself whether any approach to a postive answer has 
been made by the results of the work therein recorded. 
Its object will be to show to all who raise potatoes, 
whether for home use sc lely or for market as w ell, that 
the yield may be increased three-fold without a cor- 
responding increase in the cost; to show that the little 
garden patch, of a fortieth of an acre perhaps, may 
just as well yield ten bushels as three bushels; to in- 
duce farmers and gardeners to experiment with fertil- 
izers, not only as to kind, that is to say, the constitu- 
ents and their most effective proportions, but as to the 
most economical quantity to use. These are among 
the subjects considered, not in a theoretical way at all, 
but as the outcome of fifteen years of experimentation 
earnestly made in the hope of advancing our knowl- 
edge of this mighty industry. It is respectfully sub- 
mitted that these experiments so long carried on at the 
Rural Ground, have, directly and indirectly, thrown 
more light upon the various problems involved in suc- 
cessful potato culture, than any other experiments 
which have been carried on in America. Price, cloth, 
75 cents; paper, 40 cents. The Rural Publishing 
Co., Times Building, New York. 
The Nursery Book. A Complete Guide to the Mul- 
tiplication and Pollination of Plants. By Prof. L. H. 
Bailey, Editor of The American Garden. This is a 
book that gives evidence of having been prepared with 
much care. It embodies the experience of many ex- 
perts. The author has been engaged in its preparation 
for many months, and has visited nurseries and spec- 
ialists, gathering material upon technical points outside 
of his owm experience. The whole volume has been 
read and criticised by Prof. B. M. Watson of the Bus- 
sey Institution, one of the best propagators in this 
country. All available authorities have been consult- 
ed, and particular paits have been submitted to 
experts. The fruit matter has had the criticism of lead- 
ing nurserymen, and the head propagator of probably 
the most important nursery in America has been freely 
Don't let your subscription expire, but re- 
new promptly that your files may be perfect. 
consulted. The orchid matter has been prepared byW. 
J. Bean of the Kew Royal Gardens. The instructions 
in the nursery list — which gives the definite methods 
for each plant— have been read by at least four persons. 
This nursery list is the great feature of the book. It is 
an alphabetical list of over 2,000 plants, with a short 
statement with each, telling which of the operations 
described in the first five chapters are employed in 
propagating them. 
The book is absolutely devoid of theory and specula- 
tion. It has nothing to do with plant physiology, 
nor with any abstruse reason of plant growth. Itsim- 
ply tells plainly and briefly what every one who sows a 
seed, makes a cutting, sets a graft, or crosses a flower 
wants to know. It is entirely new and original in 
method and matter. The cuts number almost 100, and 
are made especially for it, direct from nature. The 
book treats of all kinds of cultivated plants, fruits, 
vegetables greenhouse plants, hardy herbs, ornamen- 
tal trees and shrubs, and forest trees. Price, library 
style, cloth, wide margins, $1.00; pocket style, paper, 
50 cents. The Rural Publishing Co., Times Build- 
ing, New York. 
New Jersey Horticultural Society. Proceedings 
at its Sixteenth Annual Meeting, held at New Bruns- 
wick, N. J., December 18 and 19, 1890. This is an ex- 
ceedingly interesting and valuable report and it con- 
tains so much practical good sense and advice that we 
warmly recommend its perusal to those fruit growers 
and gardeners who are living in this section of country. 
Anyone may become a member of this live society by 
paying the small sum of one dollar and he will receive 
a copy of the reports as well as many other privileges 
and benefits. This report of the winter meeting con- 
tains nearly 200 pages and Is full from cover to cover of 
sound, valuable matter. The Secretary is Wm. R. 
Ward, Newark, N. J. 

Catalogues Received. 
Field Force Pump Co., Lockport, N. Y. At this 
season of the year the subject of insect pests and fun- 
gus diseases of vines and trees is a live issue and is 
being discussed at the meetings of farmers all over 
the United States. Experience has fully proven that 
the cheaDest and easiest method of ridding tre s and 
vines of these pests is by spraying with insecticides. 
Hence pumps and outflis for this purpose become as 
necessary to the fruit farmer as his plow or cultivator. 
The Field Force Pump Co., manufacture a full line of 
spraying outfits and machinery, including a very su- 
perior Knapsack Sprayer. They have recently pub- 
lished a new catalogue containing valuable recipes and 
formulas, which will be sent free on application. It 
has been authoritatively stated by the Director of one 
of our State Colleges that by using Field’s Spraying 
Outfit the cost per tree for spraying was from two to 
five cents, while the estimated gain was from two and 
one half to four dollars per tree. Purchase an outfit 
and be ready for the enemy when he appears. 
P. C. Lewis, Catskill, N. Y. A handsome illustrated 
catalogue entitled "Will it Pay to Spray Fruit Trees.” 
It gives reports of the experiments of many of the lead- 
ing entomologists and large fruit growers in fighting 
insect pests, leaf blight, grape rot, etc. This catalogue 
is full of valuable information on this important work 
and will be sent free on application. We would advise 
any of our readers Interested in fruit growing to write 
for it, addressing Mr. Lewis as above. We also ac- 
knowledge receipt from the same party of the Illus- 
trated book entitled, “Our Insect Foes and How to 
Destroy Them.” This book is profusely illustrated and 
gives the latest and best receipts and manner of fight- 
ing our insect foes, and is a book that should be in the 
hands of every fruit grower. Mr. Lewis, who is man- 
ufacturer of Spraying Outfits, gives one of these valua- 
ble Illustrated books to each purchaser of one of his 
Sprayiog Outfits. 
James Milne & Son, Scotch Grove, Iowa. Annual 
Catalogue of the Hawkeye Grub and Stump Machine, 
and Wire Rope Coupler. The implements advertised 
by this firm are noted for iheir efficiency in removing 
stumps and clearing land, and the work they accom- 
plish is a wonderful change from the old, laborious way 
of doing things. Many men have worn themselves out 
in their effort to clear their timbered farms, which may 
now be done with comparative ease by the use of one 
of these powerful machines. We advise our readers 
who have trees to pull and land to clear, be it ever so 
small, to write for this catalogue. 
