May, 1891. 
93 
/ ORCH ARP 
GARDEN 
>y\A/W \/ WNA/VW~ 3 
A sbiithern yam baked is a delicious article, 
but a baked Nansemond is too dry and 
tasteless for our people. Our people could 
make money growing Nansemonds for the 
North, but it is hard to persuade them to 
do so. — W. F. Massey. 
Beginning Market Gardening. 
Raising vegetables for market is a profit- 
able business when properly managed. In 
coming to a determination on the subject it 
is important to consider all the sur- 
roundings. The distance from market 
is of much importance. If there is 
no competition it will not make very 
much difference; but time is money 
and an extra mile to market will 
amount to quite considerable in a 
year. A large supply of manure 
must be provided without which no 
successful market gardening can be 
done, and the riper it is the better the 
results Never use commercial ma- 
nures so long as stable manure can 
be procured, for from my experience, 
stable manures are vastly superior. 
Do not be led into growing too many 
kinds of vegetables nor too large a supply 
of what you do raise, until it is ascertained 
what the market calls for. Remember that 
others are engaged in the same business 
and it is quite easy to grow more than can 
should all be done under the personal super- 
intendance of the owner, and when a good 
salesman is found, liberal wages should be 
paid to retain him. 
To any who have began the business of 
raising vegetables for market, or who con- 
template going into it, I wrnuld suggest 
growing fruits also. Beside the natural 
adaptation of the man to the work, there 
are other reasons why gardening and fruit 
growing should go together, some of which 
Early Peas. 
Referring to Dr. Hoskins’ notes on peas in 
your last number, I would suggest that in 
crossing Carter’s First Crop and Daniel 
O’Rourke he was simply crossing varieties 
of the same pea — and a very poor quality 
pea at that. For an extra early I much 
prefer the sorts of the Kentish Invicta type. 
The sorts offered by Tate & Son, of Nor- 
folk, under the names of Nonpareil, Early 
Hancock and Early Victor, I think he will 
find much better adapted to the de- 
velopment of extra earliness than 
the Daniel O'Rourke type. The only 
advantage of any of these little extra 
earlies, however, is the fact that they 
are early and can be sown very early 
with less danger ol rotting in the 
ground than the better, wrinkled 
sorts. — W. F. Massey, Raleigh, N. C. 
Turban Squash. Fig. 1088. 
be sold to advantage. The better plan is [ 
to raise a small amount of each at first, and 
I 
by this means gain a correct idea of the 
demand. 
Many beginners noticing the large profits 
of old and experienced gardeners on 
such crops as celery, cauliflower, etc. 
are often disposed to plant largely of 
these, without comprehending that 
their handsome profit is due to the 
difficulty ofgrowung them, and to the 
experience necessary for their suc- 
cessful culture. On the other hand 
any beginner may meet with good 
success with the more common and 
less difficult crops, such as sweet 
corn, early beets, early cabbage, rad- 
ishes, beans, cucumbers, and melons, 
and while the profits are not as great 
on most of these crops they are more 
certain, and do not demand a soil that is so 
Vfully up to the standard of garden fertility. 
If the market is more than five miles away, 
the cost of transportation will be likely to 
nearly or quite eat up the profit: especially 
in heavy, bulky produce. The marketing 
Marblehead Squash. Fig. 1053. 
are that the tools required for each are 
about the same, the tillage about the same, 
and that both require rich soil to make 
them fairly profitable. 
The raspberry patch the first year may be 
used to good advantage in gardening. Be- 
tween the rows may be raised early cabbage, 
radishes, or anything else that is gone be- 
fore the plants get very high. It is the 
early crops that pay the gardener best, for 
by planting early, a second crop may be 
grown on the same ground. This is only 
practicable where plenty of stable manure 
can be had. The strawberry bed is good 
for late pickles or late corn, and the ground 
is in much nicer condition in the spring, by 
working some late track in the fall. The 
gardener may lose many a dollar by not 
thinking of such things until too late. Ex- 
perience is the best book to study. If you 
try one method and it does not work well, 
avoid that plan in the future. If you pick 
up a garden paper and find some method 
new to you recommended, do not condemn 
it until you try it. Such papers wmuld be 
Musk Melons. 
They will grow on all soils, rang- 
ing from light sand to heavy land if 
properiv fertilized, but do best on 
soils varying from loamy sand to sandy 
loam; that does not dry out too readily 
should there be periods during their growth 
without rain. 
We plant after corn, cutting off during 
winter remains of stalks close to the ground 
and afterwards cutting into the mass of 
roots two or three inches below the surface 
Butman Squash. Fig. 1095. 
more benfit to us if we would try wiiatthey 
teach and not condemn their advice or 
teaching until thoroughly tested. — Thos. D. 
Baird, Kentucky. 
Give constant tillage to all growing crops. 
Hubbard Squash. Fig. 1081. 
and lifting upper part out of position, that 
all vegetable matter may remain, but so 
sub-divided that it will not interfere with 
cultivation. A few weeks before planting, 
about thirty dollars worth of good stable 
manure, preferably fresh, is spread 
broadcast and ploughed in as shallow 
as can be done with a two horse 
plough — not more than three or four 
inches if possible. We are grateful 
if a rain falls after the spreading and 
before the ploughing in of the ma- 
nure. Our land has no retentive sub- 
soil and there is danger of the soluble 
parts of the manure leaching below 
the depth at which it would be most 
9 useful. If rain falls before ploughing, 
whatever soluble matter is removed 
by it, enters the ground at the sur- 
face, and the moist manure and de- 
bris are ploughed under together. We prefer 
fresh manure because manure is most valu- 
able when in the act of decomposition; and 
we desire this act to continue during the 
whole period of the growth of the crop; to 
be most potent when the fruit is developing 
