112 
June, 1891. 
/ 6 RCHPiR D 'And C GAR DEN \ 
THE 
i 
ORCHARD & GARDEN THERMOMETER 
Handsome in Appearance; Correct and Reliable in Register- 
ing; Strong and Durable in Construction; An 
Ornament and a Necessity. 
In order to offer a special inducement to subscribe for Orchard and Garden during 
the hot dull and summer days, we have had a num- 
ber of these elegant and accurate thermometers especial- 
ly made for us to offer as a premium for new subscrib- 
ers, thereby affording them the chance of a lifetime to 
obtain one of these useful and important instruments 
very far below its cost. 
Description: The illustration here given is a per- 
fect fac simile of the Thermometer, except in size. 
The instrument we offer is not a cheap, every day affaif 
like many that are now offered, but a first class, trust- 
worthy thermometer, manufactured by a well known 
house and guaranteed correct and reliable. It meas- 
ur s 21 inches long by 5% inches broad , mounted and 
finished on natural wood, making a handsome and 
useful ornament for hall or piazza. This style of ther- 
mometer retails in the stores at $2.00 each. Here is a 
chance to get one free. 
EVERY HOME NEEDS ONE. 
EVERYBODY WANTS ONE. 
All that is necessary to obtain one of 
these beautiful and useful instruments is 
a little persistent systematic work. With 
a copy of Orchard & Garden in hand 
call upon your fruit growing and garden- 
ing friends and neighbors early in the 
morning, during the noontide hour, or in 
the evening, and by pointing out how use- 
ful — how profitable the journal would be 
to them — saving in many instances by a 
single item many time the cost of a whole 
year — which, do not fail to state, is but fif- 
ty cents, and we are sure very little diffi- 
culty will be experienced in securing the 
four subscribers desired. Many others 
are doing it, why not you? 
FOR FOUR NEW SUBSCRIBERS 
to Orchard and Garden at fifty cents each we will send one of these elegant thermom- 
eters free as a premium, carefully packed in a stout pasteboard box. Sent by express, 
the receiver paying charges, or by mail postpaid upon receipt of 35c. extra for postage. 
J. T. LOVETT CO., Little Silver, N. J. 
The Plum Gouger and .the Curculio. 
The conclusions reached by Prof. C. P. 
Gillette as the result of his experiments at 
the Iowa Agricultural Experiment Station 
are worthy of careful attention, and we 
are glad to quote them: 
1. The gouger appears upon the trees 
much earlier in the Spring than does the 
curculio. 
2. The gouger is much more injurious 
than the curculio to native plums on the 
grounds of the Iowa Agricultural College. 
3. The gouger very much prefers the na- 
tive to the domestic variety. 
4. The examination of over 24,000 native 
plums, from not less than eighteen differ- 
ent trees of many varieties, showed a little 
over 27 per cent of their fruit to be injured 
by the gouger. 
5. The gougers take no food in the fall 
after emerging from the plums. 
6. The gouger has at least one parasite 
that preys upon it while in the pupa state. 
The parasite is Sigalphus canadensis. 
7. The season’s experiments indicate that 
London purple, as recommended for the 
destruction of the curculio, is of little value 
for the destruction of the gouger. 
8. The gouger is not able to come to ma- 
turity in fruit that falls from the trees be- 
fore the middle of July. 
9. Fruit infested by the gouger does not 
ripen or fall prematurely. 
10. About 26 per cent, of the punctures 
of the gouger result in the production of a 
beetle. 
11. Jarring the trees and collecting the 
beetles and gathering stung fruit from the 
trees before the 1st of August are the best 
remedies at present known for the gouger. 
12. The curculio prefers the domesticated 
to the native varieties of plums. 
13. When eggs are deposited in native 
plums, the curculio develops in them as in 
the domestic varieties. 
14. Native varieties are not a protection 
to domestic varieties. The fact that two 
Yellow Mira Belle trees growing in the im- 
mediate vicinity of many natives had 65 
per cent, of their plums destroyed by the 
curculio, while the natives had less than 
10 per cent, of their fruit punctured, is suf- 
ficient proof of this. 
15. That succulent, quick-growing plums 
are not less attacked than slow-growing va- 
rieties. 
16. The curculio develops readily in the 
Duchess apple. 
17. The curculio is not double brooded in 
Iowa, but the eggs deposited late in July 
and August are from belated females. 
18. The two applications of London pur- 
ple in water, although not made at the 
time best suited to destroy the curculio, ap- 
parently gave a protection of 44 per cent, 
against the ravages of this insect. 
19. London purple in water in proportion 
of 1 pound to 120 gallons is much too strong 
a mixture for plum trees. One-half this 
strength is as strong a mixture as should 
be used. 
■ > 
There are two methods of preventing in- 
jury from the Peach Tree Borer. One is 
mounding the lower parts of the trunks 
with earth or wrapping them with some 
substance to prevent the moth from laying 
eggs there, and the other is to repel the 
moth by washes. The first method is apt 
to make the bark tender and is too labor^ 
ious. For ihe second, thin one quart of 
soft soap with ten times its bulk of water, 
then add one pint of crude carbolic acid. 
Apply latter part of June and July, with a 
brush to the base of the tree. 
