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October, 1891. 
Fall Planting and Best Varieties. 
ARLY this month we 
should pick our fall ap- 
ples and ship them, but 
our winter varieties 
should remain on the 
trees until late in this 
month, or first of nest 
unless we are 
ened by a hard frost that would freeze the 
apples on the trees. 
This, however, does 
not often occur, but 
we should be on the 
look out for it as we 
have several times 
seen the whole crop 
ruined by it. It is 
always best to pick 
winter apples in due 
season, as they will 
keep longer than if 
left on trees tco late. 
Jonathan apples 
should always be 
picked early, as they 
drop from the trees 
almost as soon as 
ripe, but Rawle’s 
Janet and Wat wood 
should remain on 
the trees as long as 
possible, as they 
grow and color up 
late, and are much 
improved in size, ap- 
pearance and qual- 
ity. This month or 
just as soon as we 
have a hard killing 
frost, we should set 
out young trees, of 
all hardy kinds ex- 
cept evergree ns. 
We are well aware 
that some persons 
oppose fall planting 
but from our own 
experience and ob- 
servation, we much 
prefer that season, 
as we have then 
time to do the work 
well and the trees become well established 
by spring, start early and make much better 
growth than if set in spring. But trees that 
are tender like peaches, and apricots, are 
best planted in the spring, and in cold re- 
gions where apple and pear trees are tender, 
we should set out at that season. 
In selecting trees choose always those that 
are stocky, thrifty, vigorous, and well root- 
ed and not over two years old for the West; 
transplant well and there will not be any 
disappointment in their growth and results, 
providing suitable varieties are selected. 
The selection of proper varieties for a given 
location appears to be the great difficulty 
with most persons. This should not be so, 
for nearly every state, and many counties 
have horticultural societies which give the 
best standard varieties for both profit and 
family use; or some neighbor who has had 
experience will gladly do so. We have just 
received a letter from J. E. Mertz, of Har- 
din Co., Ohio, asking us to name the best 
varieties for a friend, near Warrensburg, 
Missouri. We would say for not only that 
location but all of Missouri, Kansas, Ken- 
mend Early Ripe, Early Harvest, Summer 
Extra, Jefferis and Orange Pippin of N. J., 
or Warfield of Iowa. 
Here in Kansas the Holland Pippin and 
Fall Pippin have proven the very best large 
productive cooking apples. The Sweet 
June, Golden Sweet, Superb Sweet, Ranes- 
del’s Sweet and Moore’s Favorite, are the 
best for early, medium and late. These are 
productive sweet apples. We here name a 
few newer apples or those little known, that 
should be tried. York Imperial, Bonegard- 
ner, Gano, Stay man’s Winesap are prom- 
ising winter varieties. 
Muster, Hemminger, 
Grimes' Golden and 
Longworth’s Red Win- 
ter, fall apples. Yel- 
lowTransparent, Sum- 
mer Rambo and Early 
Joe, for summer. — J. 
Stayhan. 
The 
Japan Golden Russet Pear. 
tucky, southern Nebraska, Iowa, and a great 
proportion of Illinois, the Ben Davis is the 
leading apple for market and shipping; and 
no commercial orchard is complete with 
less than nine-tenths of it as a winter apple. 
The other tenth should be Winesap or Ben 
Davis. We would place Jonathan first 
wherever it can be grown as a winter apple, 
but here in Kansas and south-western Mis- 
souri it is a fall apple, and Maiden's Blush 
is a summer apple, both of which should 
not be omitted in an orchard. For early 
The Japan Golden 
Russet Pear. 
This recently intro- 
duced pear is rather 
remarkable for the 
manner of its intro- 
duction as well as for 
the good qualities spo- 
ken of by those who 
have grown it. It 
seems that the original 
tree was found in an 
importation of Japa- 
nese Persimmon trees 
with which it had been 
accident ally pack- 
ed. The receiver grew 
it and found it so early in bearing 
and producing so abundantly, that 
he propagated it, and introduced it 
for sale. He claims that not only is it a 
very early bearer, but that it bears enor- 
mously, having no off years, and the fruit 
hanging in clusters. The foliage is tough 
and leathery, enabling it to endure heat and 
drought without injury. The fruit is hand- 
some, of a flat or appie shape, very uniform, 
of good size — eight or ten inches around — 
and becomes of a handsome golden-russet 
color. Its season of ripening is in September. 
The introducer says of it: “ The Japan 
Golden Russet tree has continued to bear 
enormously every year, having no off years. 
The past season, when all varieties failed, 
Kieffer not excepted, the Japan Golden 
Russet produced its usual heavy crop, show- 
ing that is not affected by the sudden 
changes of heat or cold. Its bearing pro- 
pensities are so great that the fruit hangs in 
great masses or clusters and, consequently, 
if not thinned, the tree will not increase rap- 
idly in growth, and is, therefore, nicely 
adapted to small plots or for planting closely 
together. The abundauce of thick, tough, 
leathery leaves of the Japan Golden Russet 
enable it to endure great heat and drought, 
and will well adapt it to dry, hot climates.” 
