chap, vii.] 
MAMMALIA OF THE NEW WOULD. 
147 
Pampas; by Auchenia, or llama, of which three extinct species 
inhabited Bolivia, in which country two allied but extinct 
genera, Palccolama and Camelothermm , have also been found. 
Three species of deer (Cervus), from the Pampas deposits, com- 
plete the list of Pliocene Ungulates. 
Proboscidea. — The cave species of Mastodon is found also in 
the Pampas deposits, and another in the Andes of Chili and 
Bolivia. 
Rodents. — These are not so numerous as in the caves. There 
are species of the existing genera, Kerodon and Cavia (Caviidie) ; 
Lagostonubs (Chinchillidae) ; Ctenomys (Octodontidae) ; Lepus 
(hare) ; Hesperomys and Oxymycterus (Murid®) ; Arvicola, a 
genus not living in South America ; and an extinct genus, Car- 
diodus. There is also a remarkable extinct form, Typotherium, 
larger than the capybara, and having affinities to Edentates and 
Ungulates. Three species have been found in the Pampas deposits. 
Edentata. — These are as abundant and remarkable as in the 
cave deposits. Fcclidotherium , Megatherium , Megalonyx, Glosso- 
therium and Dasypus , have already been noticed as from the 
Brazilian caves. We have here, in addition, the huge Mylodon 
allied to the Megatherium, and the allied genera — Gnathopsis 
and Lestodon. We then come to the huge extinct armadillos, 
Glyptodon and Sehistopleurum , the former consisting of numerous 
species, some of which were as large as an elephant. Another 
genus, Eutatus, is allied to the living three-handed armadillos ; 
and a species of the existing genus Euphractvs has been found 
in Bolivia. 
Toxodontidce. — There remain a number of huge animals 
rivalling the Megatherium in size, and forming the genera 
Toxodon and Eesodon , but whose position is doubtful. Several 
species have been found in the deposits of the Pampas and 
Patagonia. They are allied at once to Ungulates, Itodents, Eden- 
tates, and the aquatic Sirenia, in so puzzling a manner that it is 
impossible to determine to what order they belong, or whether 
they require a new order to be formed for their reception. Some 
are believed to date back to the Miocene period, and they 
indicate what strange forms may still be discovered, should any 
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