CHAP. X.] 
THE PALiEARCTIC REGION - . 
205 
the scinks is represented by Scincus found in North Africa and 
Arabia. Besides these Seps , a genus of sand lizards (Sepidae) and 
Agama, a genus of Agamidae, are abundant and characteristic. 
Of Amphibia we have Seiranota, a genus of salamanders 
found only in Italy and Dalmatia; Chioglossci, in Portugal, and 
Geotriton , in Italy, belonging to the same family, are equally 
peculiar to the sub-region. 
Freshwater Fisk— One of the most interesting is Tellia, a 
genus of Cyprinodontidae found only in alpine pools in the 
Atlas mountains. Par apitoxin ius, found in South-East Europe, 
and Chondrostoma, in Europe and Western Asia, genera of Cypri- 
midfe, seem almost peculiar to this sub-region. 
Insects — Lepidoptera . — Two genera of butterflies, Thais and 
Doritis, are wholly confined to this sub-region, the former 
ranging over all Southern Europe, the latter confined to Eastern 
Europe and Asia Minor. Anthocharis and Zegris are very cha- 
racteristic of it, the latter only extending into South Russia, 
while JDanais, Charaxes, and Lihythea are tropical genera un- 
known in other parts of Europe. 
Coleoptera. — This sub-region is very rich in many groups of 
Coleoptera, of which a few only can be noticed here. Among 
Carabidse it possesses Procerus and Procrustes , almost exclusively, 
while Brachinus, Cymtndis, Lebia , Graphipterus , & 'writes, Chlce- 
nius, Calathus, and many others, are abundant and characteristic. 
Among Lamellicorns — Copridae, Glaphyridae, Melolonthidse, and 
Cetoniidae abound. Buprestidse are plentiful, the genera Julodis , 
Acmceodera, Buprestis , and Sphenoptera being characteristic. 
Among Malacoderms — Cebrionidae, Lampyridae, and Malachiid® 
abound. The Tenebrioid Heteromera are very varied and abun- 
dant, and give a character to the sub-region. The Mylabridm, 
Cantharidae, and CEdemeridse are also characteristic. Of the 
immense number of Curculionidae— Thylacites, Br achy cones, 
Lixus, and Acalles may be mentioned as among the most pro- 
minent. Of Longicorns there are few genera especially cha- 
racteristic, but perhaps Prinobius, Purpnricenus , Hesperophanes, 
and Parmena are most so. Of the remaining families, we may 
mention Clythridae, Hispidae, and Cassididae as being abundant. 
