CHAP. XI.] 
THE ETHIOPIAN REGION. 
2C3 
confined to the Oriental region ; and in the squirrel family is a 
curious genus, Anomalurus, which resembles the flying squirrels 
of other parts of the world, without being directly allied to them. 
Birds. — In this class we find a larger proportionate number 
of peculiar forms. Hypergerus and Aldhe, belonging to the 
Timaliidfe, or babblers, are perhaps allied to Malayan groups ; 
Parinia , a peculiar form of tit, is found only in Prince’s Island ; 
Ixonotus is an abundant and characteristic form of Pycnonotidse; 
Fraseria, Hypodes, Cuphoptems, and Chcmnonotus, are peculiar 
genera of shrikes ; Picathartes is one of the many strange forms 
of the crow family ; Cinnyricinclus is a peculiar genus of sun- 
birds ; Pholidornis is_supposed to belong to the Oriental Dicaeidae, 
or flower-peckers ; Waldenia is a recently-described new form 
of swallow ; Ligurmts , a finch, Spermospiga, a weaver bird, and 
Onychognathus a starling, are also peculiar West African genera. 
Coming to the Picarim we have Verremixia , a peculiar wood- 
pecker ; three peculiar genera of barbets (Megalsemidse) ; 
the typical plantain-eaters (Musophaga) ; Myioceyx , a peculiar 
genus of kingfishers ; while Berenicornis is a genus of crested 
hornbills, only found elsewhere in Malaya. The grey parrots, 
of the genus Psittacus, are confined to this sub-region, as are 
two peculiar genera of partridges, and three of guinea- 
fowl. We have also here a species of Pitta, one of the Ori- 
ental family of ground-thrushes ; and the Oriental paroquets, 
Palocornis , are found here as well as in Abyssinia and the 
Mascarene Islands. 
AVe thus find, both in the Mammalia and birds of AVest Africa, 
a special Oriental or even Malayan element not present in the 
other parts of tropical Africa, although appearing again in 
Madagascar. In the Mammalia it is represented by tl*$ anthro- 
poid apes ; by Colobus allied to Semnopitheeus, and by Cercocebus 
allied to Macacus ; and especially by a form of the Malayan 
family of chevrotains (Tragulidae). The Malayan genus of otters, 
Aonyx , is also said to occur in AVest and South Africa. In 
birds we have special Oriental and Malayan affinities in Alethe, 
Pholidornis, Berenicornis , Pitta , and Palccornis; while the 
Oriental genus Trcron has a wide range in Africa. We shall 
