CHAP, XIII.] 
THE AUSTRALIAN REGION. 
423 
sufficiently numerous to allow us to determine tlieir relations, 
and trace their origin, with unusual precision. There are 96 
genera and 160 species ot land-birds known to inhabit this group 
of islands ; and on a careful analysis, they are found to be almost 
equally related to the Australian and Oriental regions, 30 genera 
being distinctly traceable to the former, and the same number to 
the latter. Their connection with the Moluccas is shown by the 
presence of the genera Mimeta , Gcoffroyus , Cacatua, Ptiloptcs , and 
lanthcenas, together with Megapodius and Cerchneis represented 
by Moluccan species. Turaccena, shows a connection with 
Celebes, and Scops is represented by a Celebesian species. The 
connection with Australia is shown by the genera Sphcecothera , 
Gerygonc, Myiagra , Pardalotus, Gliciphila, Amadina , and Apros- 
mictns ; while Milvus, Hypotriorchis , Eudynamis, and Eurysto- 
mus , are represented by Australian species. Other genera con- 
fined to or characteristic of the Australian region, are Phipidura , 
Monarcha, Artamus, Campephaga, Pachycephala, Philemon , Ptilo- 
tis , and Myzomela. 
We now come to the Indo-Malay or Javan element represented 
by the following genera : 
1. Turdus (T.) 
2. Geocichla (T.) 
3. Zoothera. 
4. Megalurus (T.) 
5. Orthotomus. 
6. Pratincola (T.) 
7. Oreicola (T.) 
8. Drymocataphus 
9. Parus. 
10. Pycnonotus. 
11. Oriolus. 
12. Pericrocotus. 
13. Cyornis (T.) 
14. Hypo thy mis. 
15. Tchitrea. 
16. Lanius (T.) 
17. Anthreptes. 
18. Eulabes. 
19. Estrilda (T.) 
20. Erythrura (T.) 
21. Yungipicus. 
22. Merops. 
23. Pelargopsis. 
24. Ceyx. 
25. Lorieulus. 
26. Treron (T.) 
27. Iotreron (s.g. of Ptilopus). 
28. Chalcophaps (T.) 
29. Gallus (T.) 
30. Strix. 
Such genera as Merops and Strix, which are as much Austra- 
lian as Oriental, are inserted here because they are represented by 
Javan species. The list is considerably swelled by genera which 
have reached Lombok across the narrow strait from Baly, but 
have passed no further. Such are Zoothera , Orthotomus, Pycno- 
notus, Pericrocotus and Strix. A much larger number (12) stop 
short at Flores, leaving only 13, indicated in the list by (T) after 
their names, which reach Timor. It is evident, therefore, that 
these islands have been stocked from three chief sources,— th e 
