INDEX, 
499 
Kanohyvs, N. American Tertiary, 127 
Kasua. in Brazilian eaves, 144 
Nearctic region, defined. Tit 
subdivisions of, 80 
distinct from Palaarctic, 70 
Nccrvrn is, European Miocene, 101 
Neotropical region, defined, 78 
subdivisions of, 78 
relations ofW. African sub-region with, 265 
Kesodan, 8. American Pliocene, 147 
Newton, Professor, on position of Menuridce 
and Atrichiidw , 05 
on birds of Iceland, 108 
New Caledonia, birds of, 444 
New Guinea, zoology of, 409 
mammalia of, 410 
birds of, 411 
peculiarities of its ornithology, 413 
illustration of ornithology of, 414 
reptiles and amphibia of, 415 
insects of, 416 
New Zealand, objections 1o making a primary 
zoological region, 62 
extinct birds of, 164 
sub-region, description of, 449 
compared with British Isles, 449 
mammalia of, 451 
islets of, 453 
illustration of ornithology of, 455 
reptiles of, 456 
amphibia of, 457 
fresh-water fish of, 457 
insects of, 458 
Longicoms of, 458 
Myriapoda of, 45S 
land-shells of, 459 
ancient fauna of, 460 
origin of fauua of, 460 
poverty' of insects in, 462 
relations of insect-fauna and flora, 472 
Nicobar Islands, their zoological relations, 832 
Nightingale, migration of the, 21 
Norfolk Island, birds of, 453 
North America, remarks on Post-Pliocene 
fauna of, 130 
Post- Pliocene fauna of, partly derived from 
8. America, 131 
extinct birds of, 163 
North Africa, zoological relations of, 202 
Notharctos, N. American Tertiary, 133 
Notornis of New Zealand, 455 
No totherivm, Australian Post-Tertiary, 157 
O. 
Ochotfteritm, in Brazilian caves, 145 
Ododcn/idce, S. American Pliocene, 147 
Ophidia, classification of, 99 
Oj isthocowus, Brazilian caves, 164 
Oposstim, extinct, in European Miocene, 121 
Oreodon, N. American Tertiary, 138 
Oreodontidcr, N. American Tertiary, 138 
Oriental region, defined, 75 
subdivisions of, 75 
description of, 314 
zoological features of, 315 
mammalia of, 315 
birds of, 316 
reptiles of, 317 
amphibia of, 317 
fresh-water fishes of, 318 
summary of vertebrata, 318 
insects of. 318 
sub-regions of, 321 
Oriental region, concluding remarks on, 302 
tables of distribution of animals of, 364 
Oriental relations of\V. African sub-region, 265 
Oriental and Palaarctio faunas once identical, 
362 
Oriental and Ethiopian faunas, cause of their 
resemblances, 363 
Orohippus, N. American Tertiary, 136 
Ostrich, Miocene of N. India, 162 
Otaria, European Miocene, 118 
Ovibos, N. American Post-Pliocene, 130 
Oxen, birthplace and migrations of, 155 
Palaarctic, 182 
Oxywna, N. American Tertiary, 134 
Ozygornphus, European Miocene, 118 
Oxymycterus, in Brazilian caves, 145 
8. American Pliocene, 147 
P. 
Pachycena, N. American Tertiary, 134 
Pachynolophus, European Eocene, 126 
Pachytherium, in Brazilian caves, 145 
Palsearctic region, defined, 71 
subdivisions of, 71 
general features of, 180 
zoological characteristics of, 181 
has few peculiar families, 181 
mammalia of, 181 
birds of, 182 
high degree of speciality of, 184 
reptiles and amphibia of, 1S6 
fresh-water fish of, 186 
summary of vertebrata Of, 186 
insects of, 186 
coleoptera of, 187 
number of coleoptera of, ISO 
land-shells of, 110 
sub-regions of, 100 
neral conclusions on the fauna of, 231 
hies of distribution of animals of, ‘233 
Palceacodcn, N. American Tertiary, 133 
Falceetvs, European Miocene, 162 
Palcegithahts, European Eocene, 162 
Palcelodus, European Miocene, 162 
Palceocastor, N. American Tertiary, 140 
Palatoccrcus , European Miocene, 162 
J'ulceochcerus, European Miocene, 119 
Polceohierax, European Miocene, 162 
Palceolagus, N. American Tertiary, 140 
Palceolama, S. American Pliocene, 147 
Palaxmephitis, European Miocene, 118 
Palcromeryx, European Miocene, 120 
Polceowys, European Miocene, 121 
Palceontina oolitica, Oolitic insect, 167 
Palaeontology, 107 
how best studied in its bearing on geo- 
graphical distribution, 168 
as an introduction to the study of geo- 
graphical distribution, concluding re- 
marks on, 169 
Polcronyctis, European Eocene, 125 
Pnlceoperdix, European Miocene, 161 
Pa/ceoiihrgmts, European Miocene, 160 
Palcrorcas, Miocene of Greece, 116 
Palaortyx, European Miocene, 161 
lido 1 oryx, Miocene oi Greece, 116 
Falceosjmlaz, 111 
European Miocene, 117 
Palwosyops, N. American Tertiary, 136 
Palcpctherido’, European Eocene, 125 
Pala'otherium, European Eocene, 125 
8. American Eocene, 148 
Palototragus, M iocene of Greece, 116 
Falceotrivgo, N, American Cretaceous, 164 
