351 
ENTOZOA IN RELATION TO PUBLIC HEALTH AND THE 
SEWAGE QUESTION. 
By T. Spencer Cobbold, M.D., F.R.S., E.L.S., 
Correspondent of the Academy of Sciences of Philadelphia. 
( Continued from p. 291.) 
In connection with these veal- and beef-measle experi- 
ments, I may further observe that, although I have already 
(partly with the co-operation of Professors Simonds and 
Pritchard, of the Royal Veterinary College) made their 
general results public through the Proceedings of the Royal 
and Linnean Societies, I have hitherto had no sufficient 
opportunity of explaining their importance in relation to the 
sewage question. This I now propose to do ; again remark- 
ing by the way, that the disorder thus superinduced is only 
one of the many parasitic diseases liable to be increased by 
extensive irrigation schemes. Here let it be borne in mind 
that the particular larvae under consideration can only be 
propagated in the flesh of the ox, cow, and calf ; at least, I 
am not aware that this cysticercal form has ever been de- 
tected in any other animal “ host/' and it certainly has not 
been recorded as occurring in the human body. This last- 
mentioned negative fact is the more remarkable, since the 
armed measle of the pig enjoys a comparatively wide distri- 
bution, whilst the adult representatives of both species ex- 
clusively infest the human bearer. It is by no means im- 
probable, however, that this limitation may be eventually 
found to be untenable. Be that as it may, I have repeatedly 
shown that the beef tapeworm ( Tania mediocanellata) is more 
common with ourselves than the species derived from pork; 
nevertheless, this is not the view most generally held. Here 
I do not care to reiterate the data on which I first formed 
and taught that conclusion some years back, as I only once 
more allude to the fact in reference to the practical con- 
sequences of its due recognition. These are manifold. Thus, 
those persons whose religious convictions prevent their par- 
taking of swine's flesh never suffer from Tcenia solium; while, 
again, the thorough-going vegetarian may successfully boast 
that he will never play the part of “ host" to any members 
of the tapeworm family. He is, however, in my judgment, 
the more likely to be infested by oxyurides and ascarides, 
especially if, at the same time, he is bound hand-and-foot to 
