482 
PARASITIC cc WARBLES ” IN HORSES. 
other sources, some of which clearly show that the disease 
was evidently due to an improper use of highly stimulating 
food. 
The forcing system requires far more supervision on the 
part of the owner of animals than it often receives. Too much 
is left to the herdsman, who rarely fails to daily cram the 
animals to an extent far beyond what the organism can assimi- 
late. The eye and the better knowledge of the master would 
often prove efficacious in preventing disease, were they more 
generally brought into use. The old aphorism, “ ’Tis the last 
ounce which breaks the camel’s back,” should be ever before 
his mind in its practical application. If this were so, his 
complaints of losses would be far fewer than they often are. 
Curative measures have been found to have but little 
influence in arresting blood diseases, nor is it to be expected 
they ever will be very efficacious. Almost before any ordinary 
symptoms of disease are observed, the vital fluid has passed 
into a condition which no known medicinal agents can at once 
restore. Blood poisoning and death frequently succeed each 
other with a rapidity that few persons can understand, except 
the scientific pathologist. Although no sure reliance can be 
placed on curative measures, the same cannot be said of pre- 
ventive means. These are of the greatest value, and often 
are found to act with a rapidity and power which are really 
surprising. Antiseptic agents stand foremost in this class, 
and among them the alkaline sulphites, conjoinedwith the 
spirituous tinctures of bark, ginger, gentian, pimento, &c., 
commonly known as diffusible stimulants, are to be preferred. 
PARASITIC “ WARBLES ” IN HORSES. 
The long-continued hot and dry weather of last year seems 
to have proved exceedingly favourable to the development and 
preservation of every variety of the gad or breeze fly, and hence 
not only have sheep suffered this season to an unusual extent, 
as explained in our last issue, from larvae of the fly within the 
frontal sinuses, but horses and cattle have been affected with 
“warbles” far beyond what is generally observed. Nume- 
rous cases of these parasitic productions have been brought to 
our notice in horses, and one correspondent, Mr. Steele of 
Sheffield, has sent us some very good specimens of larvae 
from the horse. We have not yet, however, been enabled to 
obtain any larvae which were sufficiently matured to assume 
the perfect chrysalis form, and hence we are likely to remain 
without specimens of the horse “ warble-fly.” Can any of our 
