624 LANCASHIRE VETERINARY MEDICAL ASSOCIATION. 
Now, I have before mentioned that the late Harry Daws, of London 
had a horse which had lost both jugulars, and which he rode for 
nine years, the horse being apparently none the worse for the 
accident. And the late Professor Coleman, in the £ Veterinary Trans- 
actions/ and Mr. Youatt, in his work on the ‘ Horse,’ have also 
said that a horse with obliterated jugulars was not the worse for it. 
I have also previously mentioned other cases where the veins have 
been lost without the animal suffering any ill effects. 
I know not, Mr. President, whether this Society considers the loss 
of a vein as unsoundness, but it seems quite natural to infer that 
the loss of a vein, or at any rate the loss of both, must be preju- 
dicial to the animal for a time, and predispose him, one would think, 
to cerebral attacks, ophthalmia, &c. No doubt in the course of time 
the smaller vessels become enlarged and anastomosed with the 
jugular lower down. 
I well remember seeing in the dissecting room of the London 
College a beautiful preparation of a horse’s head and neck belong- 
ing to Mr. Markam, now of Rugeley, Staffordshire, in which there 
existed a mass of veins ramifying about the part where the jugular 
was obstructed, as numerous as a ball of hair, and which were 
seen to empty themselves into the jugular below, by several 
branches. Professor Sewell also mentions a similar case where both 
veins had been tied, and where there was a beautiful network of 
veins formed from above to below. In the early stage of the ob- 
struction, and especially where both veins are lost, one would think 
we ought to pronounce the animals as “ unsound;” but where the loss 
has existed for some length of time, and the numerous anastomosing 
branches of the vein, or veins, have carried on the circulation, to 
pronounce them as “ sound.” Still, as I conceive, there is some 
diffculty in some cases which way to decide. 
Professor Spooner, at one of the meetings of the Veterinary 
Medical Association at the College, thus expressed himself : — “Under 
all circumstances I consider it not advisable to pass a horse as 
sound that had lost one of these important vessels.” 
The President , in opening the discussion, said that he should 
most certainly pronounce a horse having an impervious jugular vein 
an unsound animal, and in this opinion all the gentlemen, who spoke 
during the evening, concurred. In cases of inflammation of the 
jugular vein consequent upon the operation of phlebotomy, he believed 
the best treatment to be to at once apply a blister to the part and tie 
up the animal’s head. 
Mr. A. Lawson , Bolton, believed cases of inflammation of the 
jugular vein were now rarely met with, and was of opinion that it 
was owing to the almost entire abolition of the operation of phlebo- 
tomy at the present time. 
Mr. Thomas Greaves stated his belief that the inflammation in 
cases of phlebitis, the result of bleeding from the jugular vein, 
commenced in the lining membrane of the vein, and attributed the 
cause to wounding of the membrane of the opposite side from too 
