756 
VETERINARY JURISPRUDENCE. 
appetite, &c. The pulse was almost indistinct. At that time be 
thought the horse suffered exclusively from irritation of the bowels. 
He attended the other horses. The symptoms were the same. He 
was with Mr. Pyatt when a post-mortem examination was made of the 
second horse (the black one) ; ten pounds and a half of sand were 
found in the intestines. In the grey horse inflammation of the 
bowels existed, and nine pounds and a half of sand were found in 
the caecum. The sand caused local irritation, which led on to inflam- 
mation. That was the cause of death. He did not examine the meal. 
By Mr. Wills — He could not say how long the sand had been in 
the digestive organs. A small portion of it might pass away, espe- 
cially if the horse was purged. The mucous membrane was free 
from chronic disease, excepting such as had been induced by a local 
irritant. He had no other cases of this kind last summer. Did not 
remember any other case, but had heard of other cases as a matter 
of science. 
Mr. G. II. Pyatt , veterinary surgeon, said, that on the 13th 
February he examined the viscera of the chestnut horse. He found 
a large quantity of sand. The intestines were much thickened, and 
the internal coat diseased. He considered the presence of the sand 
and the consequent irritation to be the cause of death. He saw the 
rice meal which was sent to Mr. Dudgeon and there was sand in it. It 
was similar to what he had found in the horse’s stomach. 
By Mr. Wills — He had a sample of the sand at home. It was 
composed of small portions of stone. 
Mr. Seymour requested the witness to fetch the specimen of sand 
he had got. 
Mr. Dudgeon , late chemist in Nottingham, said Mr. Newton 
handed him some rice meal and sand, which he delivered to Professor 
Tuson. He had washed the meal, and found one twentieth of in- 
soluble deposit. It consisted of earth, marine shells, and small parti- 
cles of coal. He experimented on half an ounce of the material. 
[Witness produced a large bowl full of sand.] He gave the half 
ounce got from the horse’s stomach to Professor Tuson. There 
might have been a grain of coal, fourteen grains of sand, and small 
particles of shell. 
By Mr. Seymour — The sand he found in the meal was similar to 
that found in the horses. 
Professor Tuson , of the Royal Veterinary College, said he received 
samples of the meal and sand from Mr. Dudgeon. The total amount 
of earthy matter in the meal was 10 '9 per cent., 5’ 6 of which was 
soluble in acid ; 5^ per cent, of the material was silica. The sand 
found in the horses was the same as that in the meal. There would 
be 2 per cent, of mineral matter in rice husks. 
By Mr. Wills — Had been consulted on the rice meal question 
before. Rice meal consisted mainly of husks, and husks contained 
a certain amount of silica. Straw contained a considerable amount 
of silica. The sand in the horses’ stomach could not have been 
produced from chopped straw. Had heard of sand being in horses’ 
stomachs before, but this was the only case he had known of this 
