824 
PLEUROPNEUMONIA. 
the members of the French Commission inoculated healthy 
cows with the blood, saliva, nasal mucus, and excrementitious 
matter of diseased animals, but without results ; and after 
some months had elapsed the same animals w 7 ere exposed to 
contact with diseased cattle, and took the affection. Similar 
experiments were made by Juk and Dieterich, who, according 
toVerheyen, inoculated cattle with blood, saliva, mucus from 
the nose, and serum from the lungs of diseased animals, 
without any result. Healthy animals were also placed in the 
same habitations with sick ones, without the disease being 
communicated to them. In Hanover, the same w riter asserts 
that mucus and saliva of diseased animals were applied to 
the nasal membrane of healthy cattle, and setons soaked in 
the same material were introduced beneath the skin with 
negative effects. 
Experiments which w r ere instituted by Vix w r ere, on the 
contrary, attended with positive results. A portion of dis- 
eased lung w r as placed, while warm, under the skin of the 
dewlap of a bull, and a similar portion, after being w r ashed in 
cold water, was placed in the same position in a cow, and in 
six days both animals w r ere diseased and presented all the 
symptoms of pleuropneumonia. The rapid development of 
the disease in these instances goes to prove that both animals 
were the subjects of pleuropneumonia at the time the experi- 
ments were made, and all the experience of later years points 
to the fact that inoculation w T ith the matter of diseased lungs, 
and even the introduction of masses of those organs into 
large incisions, always fails to produce pleuropneumonia. 
Local irritation, sometimes terminating in gangrene, is a 
common consequence of such inoculations w r hen performed 
without the necessary care; but in no case has the malady 
been propagated as other contagious diseases are propagated 
by the introduction of the products of the affection into the 
system of healthy subjects. Sheep-pox may be conveyed 
with certainty by the minute particles of virus from a vesicle; 
a little saliva from an animal affected with foot-and-mouth 
disease, carried in the hands or dress of the attendant, or on 
a portion of hay, and brought in contact w r ith the mucous 
membrane of the mouth of a healthy beast, at once induces 
the malady. The slightest puncture with a lancet or needle, 
dipped in any of the secretions of the animals suffering from 
cattle-plague, is sufficient to infect a healthy ox; but pleuro- 
pneumonia cannot be in either of these ways transmitted 
from one animal to another, and the evidence of its contagious 
nature is rather general than positive. 
Yerheyen quotes the remarks of continental authorities in 
