SILK-WORMS. 
313 
Knife . — Constructed so as to cut the leaf 
easily and small. (Fig. 14.) 
Double Chopper . — When the leaf is cut with 
the knife, it should be chopped fine with this 
instrument, to multiply the particles and edges 
of the leaf. This is only requisite in the first 
and second age. (Fig. 15.) 
Large chopper — is made something like a straw 
cutter ; it is useful in chopping the leaf coarsely, 
and in great quantity. It is used for the three 
first days after the third moulting. (Fig. 16.) 
Small hand birch-broom . — This is used to spread 
the leaves evenly upon the hurdles. (Fig. 17.) 
Small door , made in the large door . — At the 
bottom of the large doors, there should be a small 
door with a sliding panel to close at pleasure, 
and which acts as a larger species of ventilator. 
(Fig. 18.) 
Square basket . — It should be wide and shallow, 
with a hook fixed to the handle, which may be 
hung on the edge of the hurdle or tray, and slide 
along the ledge backwards and forwards, without 
touching the edge of the lower hurdle beneath. 
(Fig. 19.) 
Stepping-boards and benches — so constructed as 
to facilitate feeding the second row of hurdles 
conveniently, and without stooping. (Fig. 20.) 
Short ladders — rather wider and more easy than 
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