38 First Report on Economic Zoology . 
Insect Galls on Osier Plants. 
Diseased osier-shoots were sent to the Board of Agriculture by a 
correspondent, infested with the larvae of one of the Gall Midges 
( Cecidomyidce ). The material sent was not sufficient to say definitely 
the species of Cecid doing the damage, but probably it was Cecidomyia 
salicina , Schrk. 
The following Cecid Willow Galls, formed on stems and twigs, 
may occur in abundance in any part of Great Britain : — 
Those that form true leaf galls are not mentioned in this report. 
(1.) Cecidomyia heterobia, Lw. The larvae live in the male flowers 
and in rosettes on the leaves of salix, especially S. amygdalina. These 
larvae pupate in the galls. 
(2.) C. salicina , Schrk. The larvae live in the withered tips of 
the young shoots of salix — in the terminal leaflets of the shoots 
which wither away and form a bud-shaped nidus. Three to eight 
larvae inhabit each gall. 
(3.) C. terminalis , Lw. The larvae are yellowisli-red and live in 
bloated galls on the shoots of salix; 20-30 ova are deposited at a 
time. When the larvae leave the shoots, many scars appear between 
the healthy and galled parts. They pupate in the ground. 
(4.) C. rosciria , Lw. The larvae form rose- shaped galls at the ends 
of the boughs. They pupate in the rosette. 
(5.) C. saliciperda, Duf. Orange larvae found, from July to 
August, in the wood of young willows under the bark, where they 
form short irregular passages with gall-shaped swellings, and cause 
the bark to crack and become scabby. 
(6.) C. salicis , Schrk. The larvae form large woody galls on the 
boughs, many in each gall, and pupate in the swellings they form. 
On making a careful examination of the material sent, one gall 
was found to contain four orange-yellow Cecid larvae. Probably (as 
most of the galls were empty) they pupate in the earth, and thus 
some good might be done by a heavy dressing of soot in the spring, or 
sand sprinkled with paraffin and spread over the stocks or stools. 
But until the life-history is known little can be done to eradicate 
the pest. 
The Felted Beech Coccus. 
( Cryptococcus fagi , Barensprung.) 
Very few scale insects are sufficiently abundant on forest trees in 
this country to do much harm. One of the worst is the Felted Beech 
Scale ( Cryptococcus fagi) of Barensprung. This insect has been 
