xxiv First Report on Economic Zoology. 
Arachnida Acari produce mange and sores ( Sarcoptes , Psoroptes, 
Symbiotes). 
Hexapoda Biting flies ( Tabanus , Hsematopota ) ; warble flies (Gastro- 
phtlus) (“ bots ”) ; forest flies (Hippoboscidse). 
Mollusca None. 
Fish Electric eel ( Electrophones elect ricus ) attacks horses at 
water in Brazil. 
Amphibia None. 
Reptilia Many poisonous snakes, especially the puff adder, fer de 
lance and others, and crocodiles. 
Birds None. 
Mammalia A few large carnivora, as leopards ; vampire-bats ( Vampyrus 
spectrum). 
II. As germ carriers. 
Hexapoda .. Tsetse flies ( Glossina ) and Nagana; possibly other biting 
flies carry disease. 
Survey of Section (5) of Sub-group A. 
ANIMALS CAUSING BODILY INJURY AND DISEASE IN PIGS. 
I. By direct injury. 
Protozoa Balantidium coli causes ill-health. 
Porifera to Echinoderma. None. 
Platyhelmia Cysticcrcus cellulose, cyst of human tapeworm (measles 
in pigs) ; no sexual tapeworm. Echinococcus frequent 
in the liver. 
Nemertina None. 
Nematoda Ascaris suilla in intestines and others ; Echinorhynchus 
gigas; Trichina spiralis ; Strongylidse (S. paradoxus) in 
bronchi ; Stephenurus dentatus. 
Chsetopoda None. 
Arachnida Itch mites ( Sarcoptes scabci) transmittable to man, and 
Dcmodex. 
Diplopoda and Chilopoda None. 
Hexapoda Stomoxys (biting or stinging fly) ; Mallopliaga and 
Hxmatopinus (lice). 
Amphibia None. 
Reptilia Poisonous snakes rarely attack the pig. 
Birds None. 
Mammals Larger carnivora. 
II. As germ carriers. 
Protozoa to Birds None known. 
Mammalia Rats carry trichinosis ( Trichina spiralis). 
Survey of Section (e) of Sub-group A. 
ANIMALS CAUSING BODILY INJURY AND DISEASE IN ELEPHANTS 
AND CAMELS. 
I. By direct injury. 
Protozoa None. 
Porifera and Echinoderma None. 
Platyhelmia Amphistomes cause sickness in Indian elephants ; Trerna- 
todes in lungs of camel ; also Cysticcrcus tenuicollis in 
camels; Echinococcus in liver. 
Nemertina None. 
Nematoda Strongylus filaria in the bronchi of camels. 
Arachnida Pentastomes (Linguatula) in camel ; Ixodes camelinus and 
Galcoclcs aranoides, a great camel pest, and Sarcoptidse. 
Chilopoda and Diplopoda None. 
