68 
First Report on Economic Zoology . 
The Allied Bud Motii. 
(Antithesia variegana, Hb.) 
Another Tortrix lives in a very similar way to the Bud Moth, 
namely, Antithesia variegana or A. cynosbatella. This moth is 
about two-thirds of an inch in width of expanded wings ; the fore 
wings have the basal two-thirds brownisli-black, the apical third is 
white clouded with grey towards the hind margin ; there are also 
two or three black spots projecting from the edge of the central band. 
The moth appears in June, and lays her eggs on the leaf. The larvae 
are thick and dark green with black spots ; the head and first 
segment also being black. They may be found in the early spring 
on hawthorn and sloe growing in the hedgerows and also in most 
apple and pear orchards. The winter is passed, according to Mr. 
Newstead, much in the same way as the Bud Moth. 
Penthina pruniana, a closely related species, also probably lives 
in the same way. 
The Pith Moth. 
( Laverna atra, Haw. ; putripenella, Zell.) 
Numerous inquiries were made during the past year concerning 
the iarva of a small moth — the Pith Moth ( Laverna atra). This 
attack has been known to fruit-growers and gardeners for a long 
time. It is noticed every year, but in 1902 it was abnormally 
abundant, and a vast amount of damage was done by it over Great 
Britain. The moth is not often seen, and probably but few people 
are acquainted with it. It occurs over a large area of England 
up to Newcastle. 
The damage done by the larvae is particularly noticeable in 
nursery stock. They burrow up the terminal shoots and kill them, 
the result being deformed and stumpy trees. The attacked shoots 
flag and then die and turn brown, the dead masses varying from two 
to four inches in length. These dead shoots may remain some time 
on the tree, or they may fall to the ground naturally, or be beaten off 
by heavy rain. The attack may readily be told from that of the Bud 
Moth by the absence of leaves spun together, and the absence of 
damaged buds and blossom ; but the whole shoot dies away. Apple 
trees are chiefly attacked, but reports of its ravaging pears have 
also been received. The larvae are also found on hawthorn and other 
wild Bosaceae. 
Although it is a wide-spread pest, the following localities may be 
