112 “club” or “stump foot.” 
toe backwards, getting the limb so much out of the perpen- 
dicular, that the colt has the greatest possible difficulty of 
moving without falling. 
For many years I contented myself with the application of 
thickened tips to the feet, and when these were unsuccessful 
I divided the flexor tendons, but when tip shoeing failed I 
found no good results from tenotomy. This operation appears 
objectionable in young colts. If the tendons of one leg are 
divided, the weight of the colt has to be borne by the tendons 
of the opposite limb ; and whilst the divided tendons arc 
uniting, the hitherto well shaped sound leg becomes irre- 
mediably unsound. The tendons become elongated, the 
knee bends backwards, the back of the fetlock comes to the 
ground, the toe turns upwards, and the animal walks upon 
its heels ; altogether, the limb has a broken-down appearance. 
Further, the limb operated upon does not become sound, 
although the flexors at the knee and between this joint and 
the fetlock are sufficiently elongated. The ligaments below 
the fetlock remain obstinately contracted, and the colts con- 
tinue to have a badly shaped foot. In consequence of the 
failure of the methods of treatment alluded to, other mecha- 
nical appliances were next tried, and after many attempts 
and as many failures, I at length succeeded in an invention, 
by the aid of which some of the worst cripples have been 
restored to soundness, with well shaped feet. 
The illustration (see next page) represents the shoe with 
the spring, and also the padded leg strap attached. 
Spring Extension Shoe. 
It will be seen by reference to the drawing that the exten- 
sion shoe consists of an ordinary shoe, with a piece of iron 
projecting from the toe, and turned up at right angles to the 
ground surface of the shoe about one inch from the toe. 
This flat piece of iron is tapped in two places in order to 
admit the screws which are employed to fasten in the slightly 
curved spring which is hollowed at the inner surface for the 
better adaptation to the convex surface of the front of the 
leg. At the upper part of the spring on the outside is an iron 
loop, through which is passed the padded leg strap that is 
used to adjust the spring, as the gradual straightening of the 
limb renders a closer approximation necessary. 
Directions for fixing the Shoes. 
1. Obtain services of smith to fix the shoes, provide 4 lb. 
“ CrHs” nails for nailing them on. Remove the spring before 
beginning to fix the shoe. 
