306 ON PRELIMINARY AND PRACTICAL EXAMINATIONS. 
through as many of them as the expertness of the student 
will admit of ; of course an opinion is formed from the 
manner the student approaches the horse or the cow, and the 
way he proceeds. I think the examination should extend to 
half an hour, or thereabouts, with each student. 
Examination on the Horse. 
The student shall be assisted by competent men. He may 
be asked to examine a horse's mouth and state his age, 
examine the horse's molars, give a ball, give a draught, take 
up a fore foot and also a hind foot, as in the act of shoeing, 
take off a shoe, pare out a foot properly, examine a foot in a 
workmanlike manner, point out the various situations to 
bleed from, the situation to perform oesophogotomy, trache- 
otomy, trephining the various cavities of the head, take the 
. horse's pulse, put on a set of bandages, put on the hobbles, 
the side line, the single line, to diagnose disease, to dispense 
medicine, to examine a horse as to soundness, and write a 
certificate. 
Examination on the Cow. 
The student shall be assisted by competent men. He may 
be asked to examine her teeth and state her age, examine 
her udder and state whether she has had a calf; he may 
be asked to approach her and hold her by the horn or nose, 
be requested to give her a ball, to give a drink, to put the 
gag in her mouth, to introduce the probang, to point out the 
situation and mode of puncturing the rumen, explain how 
he proceeds to bleed a cow, put on the trusses, take up a fore 
foot, explain how he would proceed to take up a hind foot to 
dress for foul in the foot, explain her attitudes in various 
diseases, dispense medicines. The examination to extend to 
half an hour, or thereabouts, in every instance. 
Professor Williams informed the profession at the last 
annual meeting that the Highland and Agricultural Society 
of Scotland had adopted the practical examination at the 
Edinburgh Veterinary College for the last three years. It has 
also been the custom all along in the examination of a candi- 
date for the army; and I am told that the two Scotch colleges 
are perfectly willing that the practical examination test shall 
be brought into action at the forthcoming examination of 
their students by the Scotch section of the Board of Examiners 
of the Boyal College of Veterinary Surgeons. But it was 
not without sorrow I found from the last Report of the 
Council that the London College is not agreeable, or is not 
prepared, to have this test brought into action at present with 
respect to their students. At the last annual meeting a 
