632 ANALYSIS OF CONTINENTAL JOURNALS. 
find that this opinion has gained ground in this country, 
together with a conviction that Science studies in their turn 
render students more apt in the acquisition of other branches 
of knowledge. 
In Germany there is a strong feeling against the establish- 
ment of mere technical schools. It is maintained that boys 
should receive the same training up to a certain stage, and 
that they should afterwards enter for the special branch they 
design to follow. Professor Kochly, of Heidelberg, Professor 
of Greek, proposes that there should be a thorough but 
limited instruction in classics, a more extended development 
of mathematics, a course of instruction in the natural sciences, 
and systematic instruction in modern languages. Professor 
Hofmann, who is well known in this country, considers that 
the best safeguard against the vulgarising of Science, when 
it is taught with too special a regard to its applications, is to 
be found in a sound general school training ; and he believes 
that the old gymnasium system is of inestimable value. He 
asserts that in scores of instances he has seen youths who 
have come to the chemistry classes in the University of 
Berlin, w r ith scarcely a knowledge of the meaning of the 
word chemistry, but who have been w 7 ell trained in a gym- 
nasium, in a short time completely surpass their fellows, who, 
in a school of another kind, have acquired considerable know 7 - 
ledge of the elements of chemistry. All the Polytechnic 
Schools of Germany are rapidly approaching the university 
type ; — the teaching of the principles of Science, and not of the 
applications, is becoming more and more the main object. 
Analysis of Continental Journals. 
By W. Ernes, M.R.C.V.S., London. 
SPIROPTERA SCUTATA (ESOPHAGEA BOYIS. 
By Professor Muller, of Yienna. 
This parasite has been found under the epithelium of 
the thoracic part of the oesophagus; it is visible to the naked 
eye, filiform, twisted like a cork-screw, transparent, and of a 
slight yellow tinge, lodged in the folds of this organ parallel 
to its length; sometimes it is seen coiled up in the shape of a 
rounded nodule. 
Two of these parasites are frequently found together, one 
smaller and shorter than the other, either in the same place 
or close together. 
Characters . — In the perfect state the length of the male is 
from four to five centimetres, that of the female from eight 
