978 LIVERPOOL VETERINARY MEDICAL ASSOCIATION. 
the symphysis. One symptom that I almost invariably find in all 
such cases is a marked increase of heat in the rectum. Treatment 
the same as in the case previously referred to, with the exception of 
no external application. 
On the 2nd of this month I was sent for to examine a grey horse, 
aged, (1964, 0. S.) that had been taken from his work very lame. 
Symptoms : — Stood quite straight in stable, no apparent difference 
in shape of pelvis, and did not appear to be suffering much pain. 
There was a peculiar involuntary twitching of the muscles of the 
near hind quarter. When made to walk, did so very reluctantly ; 
advanced the leg well, but hesitated to put it down ; but, after once 
putting’its weight on it could walk slowly very well, throwing the 
toe and leg slightly outwards. When made to walk fast, refused to 
put the lame leg down at all, and walked on three ; backed very 
well, giving way slightly when placing the full weight on the leg. 
On external manipulation of pelvis a distinct crepitation could be 
heard ; examined the pelvis per rectum, and found a fracture of the 
left innominate bone at the anterior part of symphysis pubis near the 
acetabulum. 
Treatment . — Same as in previous case. 
Cause . — In no case have I ever been able to get any information 
from the driver or groom, merely that the horse suddenly dropped 
lame. In my opinion they are caused through the horse being sud- 
denly pulled up, and endeavouring to stop the heavy omnibus as 
suddenly, which is unfortunately supplied with a very imperfect 
break, causing a greater strain on the pelvis than it can bear, and 
breaking it at its weakest points. 
I will next call your attention to the specimen of a pelvis on the 
table, marked No. 12 (1595 0. S.). It was that of a brown horse 
(aged), and was fractured about twelve months ago. I treated it the 
same as the other cases named, and in a little over three months the 
horse went to work, and continued doing so for about six months, after 
which it had a sickness and died. The next case is marked No. 6 ; 
it is the upper third of the femur of an aged roan horse (419 0. S.), 
that I was called upon to examine. The groom informed me that the 
animal had done its usual work all right the night previous, and he 
had not noticed its being lame until he was bringing it out of the stable 
in the morning to be groomed. The symptoms were as follows : — 
When I saw the horse it was standing on three legs, holding the in- 
jured leg slightly off the ground, and apparently suffering great pain. 
There was a slight swelling of the leg below the hock. When led 
out of loose box it put the foot flat on the ground ; but in carrying 
the leg forward it appeared to dangle as if loose, and not under 
proper control ; backed very well, but whenever standing always 
slung the leg. I was very much puzzled with this case, and was 
several days before I could satisfactorily make up my mind as to the 
precise nature and extent of injury. I first satisfied myself that the 
foot and pelvis were right. I also manipulated the leg carefully, 
but failed to hear any crepitation. The quarter appeared to be 
wasting from pain. I expressed an opinion that there was a frac- 
