38 Second Report on Economic Zoology. 
recorded from Cambridgeshire, Huntingdonshire, Middlesex, Surrey, 
Kent, and from Bristol, Darlington, Manchester, and various parts of 
Yorkshire. 
I do not know of any previous record of its doing any appreciable 
amount of damage to fruit foliage. 
As will be seen from what we know at present of its life-history, 
there is no vulnerable point at which we can direct our energies 
when it increases sufficiently to become a pest. 
Life-history. 
The moth appears in April, June, August and September and 
again in November. It is about one-third of an inch across the 
expanded wings ; the front wings are narrow and lanceolate, brownish- 
white, with a long brown line beyond the middle with a narrow 
fuscous fascia and three fuscous streaks, at the apex is a prominent 
black spot, the fringe is brownish-grey and so are the hind wings and 
their fringes. Some specimens have the fore wings almost bronzy, 
especially after death, the colours quickly darkening ; the abdomen 
is clothed with shiny steely scales and the dusky antenme are long 
and slender, the base expanded into a so-called “ eye-cap ” ; the legs 
are shiny brown with pale tarsal bands and the hind ones have 
prominent tibial spurs. 
The females (and possibly the males) hibernate in crevices, under 
rubbish, especially where they can keep dry. Some were found in 
mid-winter in box hedges in my garden. The first sign of larval life 
may be noticed in May. The female as a rule deposits one minute 
egg on each apple or sometimes cherry leaf. In (at present) an 
unknown period the larva hatches and bores into the leaf and there 
forms a twisted and serpentine tunnel (Fig. 4, a) in the leaf, feeding 
upon the soft parenchyma, although I have been unable to note 
the egg it is evidently laid upon, not in the leaf, as a minute hole 
can often lie seen at one end of the tunnel through which the larva 
has doubtless entered. The larva gradually enlarges this tunnel as it 
grows ; at its end it is usually one millemetre and a half across. 
The tunnel may be brown, black or grey, the larger end usually 
showing a median line of dark “ frass.” Inside this tunnel will be 
found the green caterpillar (Fig. 4, c), varying from pale to deep 
apple green. It reaches when full grown six millemetres in length ; 
the segments are deeply constricted and more or less rounded, the 
head is dark and there are two dark patches on the first segment 
and also a hair on each segment. In general form the larva is 
