Reports to various Correspondents . 85 
coming from the egg in about eight days at once bores into 
the shoot and causes the resin to exude, which forms the nest in 
which it lives. This nest is at first very small, but becomes as large 
as a pea or even a hazel nut by the winter, and is quite hollow ; in 
this the caterpillar passes the winter. I11 the spring it commences 
to feed again, and the nest continues to grow. This nest eventually 
may reach the size of a walnut, the resinous walls being irregular 
outside. The nest may be on the underside of the shoot, or may, as 
in most of the specimens sent from 
Dores completely surround the shoot. 
At first it consists of only one 
chamber, but the mature nest is 
found to be divided into two com- 
partments or rooms, as Mr. Fraser 
describes them. One, the larger, is 
used as the dwelling-place of the 
caterpillar, the smaller one is used 
for the excrement or “ trass.” The 
larva is rather more than two-thirds 
of an inch long, orange-brown in 
colour, with brown head and thoracic 
shield. They attain their full size 
in October, and then pass the winter 
in a thick white web in the nest. 
The larva pupates in April and 
May of the third year. The pupae 
are black when mature, but at first 
Pig. 15. — nest of Retinia resinella. 
are dull white, gradually changing 
to brown ; but some of the mature ones had brown abdomens. When 
the larvae are in danger, according to Kollar, they let themselves down 
to the ground by a thread and ascend again at leisure. 
The resin that forms the nest exudes from the hole formed by the 
young larva, and this continues to flow for a long time, probably 
through the continued action of the grub. The shoot above the nest 
often dies right away, numerous side shoots being thrown out below 
the nest. 
The only method of treatment is to cut off and burn the nests 
during the second year. 
