146 Second Report on Economic Zoology. 
Regarding the insect enemies in imported Portuguese apples the 
following communication was sent to the Board : — 
“ It would be advisable to have samples of Lisbon apples attacked 
by maggots examined, as it is not known what pests attack the apple 
in Portugal. 
The pests may prove to be one of the fruit-eating Trypetuhe. 
I believe the Mediterranean Fruit Fly (Halter ophor a capitata , Wied.), 
so abundant in the Azores, now and then attacks apples as well as 
oranges and green peaches. “ The maggots in Lisbon apples might 
be this or the American Trypeta pomonella!' 
Samples of Portuguese apples were received and examined. Only 
two of one parcel of apples imported from Portugal were found to 
have been infested by maggot (exclusive of one previously opened). 
There is no doubt that the work was done by the Codling Moth 
(Carpocap)sa pomonella). 
Subsequent investigations showed the Codling Moth to be the 
pest, and in many samples the maggots were very common. American 
and Canadian apples were also found to be badly attacked. 
Insect damage to Apple Trees. 
Some apple trees referred to by a correspondent at Kyrewood, 
Tenbury, Worcestershire, were found to be suffering from the 
combined attack of (1) Apple Sucker (Psylla mail) and (2) Winter 
Moth larvm ( Cheimatobia brumata ), and (3) to a small extent from 
the ravages of larvae belonging to the Tortricidre. 
The latter may, however, be left out of consideration in this 
instance, as they only accounted for a very small percentage ol the 
damage. 
The attack of Apple Sucker is often the cause of the blossom 
dying off; this was certainly the chief culprit in the sample of 
Warner’s King and other sorts of apples damaged at Kyrewood. 
The leafage of these was also devoured by Winter Moth larvm. 
Eight acres of Ecklinvilles were also attacked by both pests, but 
amongst them Winter Moth seemed to be the chief culprit. 
The Golden Noble is attacked almost exclusively by the Apple 
Sucker. This latter pest seems to be very abundant this season, and 
has appeared at Wye in great numbers where it was previously quite 
a rare species. The attack seems to be very general over the south 
and west of England. 
The enquirer was informed that he should spray at once with, first, 
