Reports to the Board of griculture. 147 
quassia and soft soap wash to kill the Apple Suckers before they 
become winged. Many were in the pupal stage in May. Two days 
later the trees should be sprayed with Paris green to clear off the 
Winter Moth larvie, which are of various sizes. Poultry should at 
once be turned into the orchard and kept there until July, as they 
devour many of the larvae as they fall to pupate in the earth beneath 
the trees. 
The Apple Suckers and also the larvae may keep on damaging 
the leafage for some time, and will check the growth of the trees 
unless remedies are applied. The spraying must be very thorough 
when the pests are well established upon the foliage. The best 
Chiswick Soft Soap should be used for the quassia wash. 
The two washes cannot be applied together. Caution must also 
be given regarding the burning effect of Paris green unless lime is 
added to the wash. 
Diseased Apple and Plum Trees. 
Some specimens of apple sent by a correspondent from Cottenham, 
Cambridge, were damaged by the Apple Sucker ( Psylla mail), a 
number of which were found on the specimens. 
Samples of plum were ruined by the Plum Aphis (Aphis pruni). 
I was unable, from the material sent, to detect any insect damage to 
the cherry leaves also forwarded. There is no doubt the Psylla 
and Aphis of various kinds were chiefly accountable for the damage 
done in the Cottenham district, but the cherry trees were suffering 
from a fungoid disease. 
The correspondent was advised to spray with caustic alkali 
v ash in winter, quassia and soft soap wash in the spring several 
times. io check the fungus, Bordeaux mixture may be used a,t the 
same time as the quassia and soft soap. 
The specimens of the diseased cherry branches and some apple 
leaves were examined by the Kew authorities. 
were 
damaged 
by a fungus, Sclerotina 
The cherry branches 
frudiyena, Schroter. 
The apple leaves sent had fallen in great numbers from the trees. 
The fungus Cladosporium epiphyllum, Fries., was present, but did not 
account lor the premature decay and fall of the leaves. 
The fungus attacking the cherry is described in Leaflet No. 86, 
the Apple Sucker in No. 16. The cause of the fallen apple leaves 
is at present unknown. 
L 2 
