1 68 Second Report on Economic Zoology. 
a 
This forest pest often attacks large areas at the same time ; in one 
instance 2,000 acres were invaded. They often disappear suddenly ; 
this is due to their being so susceptible to climatic changes, cold and 
wet weather being very prejudicial to them. 
Several other Sawflies attack the conifers in this countrv, but the 
only one recorded as doing damage is the Fox-coloured Sawfly 
(Lophyrus rufus), which did considerable harm in Argyleshire to 
Scotch pines in 1890. It prefers young to old plants, trees from ten 
to fifteen or twenty years old being most sought after. Miss Ormerod 
found in the Argyleshire outbreak 
that plants two to six feet high 
were most subject to attack. 
The adult female (Fig. 26, a) is 
reddish-brown, with black spots on 
the thorax and with yellow to 
reddish-brown legs. They occur in 
August and September. One brood 
only appears to exist and occurs in 
larval form from the end of May 
until the middle or end of June. 
The larvaB (Fig. 25, a) are dusky 
greenish-grey with black heads, a 
pale line along the back and a dusky 
line with a pale one on each side of 
it above and below ; the spiracles 
are placed in the lower pale line. 
The sucker feet and venter are pale 
green. When full grown they reach 
rather more than half an inch in 
length, and then form an oval 
pale yellowish-brown parchment- 
like cocoon both amongst the needles 
and amongst heather and in the 
earth, etc,, beneath the trees. They are also social, two usually 
feeding on each needle. 1 hey pupate in June, those kept undei 
observation going into this stage the third week in June. Although 
needles and other “ cover ” lay on the ground in the breeding-cage in 
which I kept specimens they pupated in the earth just as described 
by Kollar. The females which come from these cocoons lay their 
eogs in August and September in the needles just as is done b> 
L. pini. Apparently the eggs remain in the needles all the winter 
and hatch out in early May. 
Fig. 2G. — two pine sawflies. 
a, Lophyrus rufus ; b, L. pini. \ 
