180 Second Report on Economic Zoology. 
was destroyed year by year, but two years grease-banding has 
lessened the pest to such an extent that but little harm is now done. 
Hundreds of females and males were caught in each band.] 
Tortrix Larvae. — A number of Tortrix larvae were received 
from a correspondent, who stated they were damaging his fruit trees. 
Several larvae of Tortricid moths do much harm to fruit trees. 
These can easily be destroyed by arsenical spraying. They are now 
(July) nearly all full fed, and it would not be worth doing so now. 
Trees should be washed as follows : — 
(1) With caustic alkali wash in winter. 
(2) With arsenate of lead and paraffin emulsion in early spring ; 
again when the leaves are well out, and again when the blossom has 
fallen. 
Eecent results show that arsenate of lead is far superior to Paris 
green, and should be advised in place of the latter for all mandibulate 
fruit pests {vide article, p. 50). 
Aphis {Myzus cerasi) on Cherry Trees. — The cherry trees 
belonging to a correspondent near Cirencester were reported as 
suffering from an attack of the Cherry Aphis {Myzus cerasi) and 
a remedy asked for. 
When the fruit is backward the trees should be washed with soft 
soap and quassia, but if the fruit is maturing, with soft soap and 
water alone. 
This species, the “ black fly ” of the cherry, produces much honey- 
dew, and this, mixed with the “trass,” falls down and spoils the 
fruit. Fungoid diseases and subsequent decay follow upon this 
black debris. 
About 10 lbs. of soft soap to the 100 gallons should be used, 
unless quassia is added, then 6 lbs., but under the circumstances 
plain soft soap is best. 
Terms used in regard to the Winter Washing of Fruit 
Trees. — The Organising Secretary of the Warwickshire Farmers’ 
Association asked for information as to whether washing and spraying 
are the same : — 
When dealing with insecticides and fungicides, the term “ wash- 
ing ” means also “ spraying ” ; it does not mean scrubbing with a 
brush, or applying with a sponge. The term usually employed in 
this country for the proper application of liquid insecticides by 
farmers is “ washing ” ; some, however, use the American term, 
“ spraying.” Syringing is quite different ; it simply means throwing 
