127 
The winter mortality of the codling moth in several localities in southern 
Ontario varied approximately from 9 to 52 percent. Adult moths began to emerge 
at the usual period in relation to the blooming of the trees, Trouble from this 
species is expected in apple-growing districts of British Columbia. 
Aphids are remarkably scarce in Nova Scotian orchards, as a result of unusual 
autumn weather followed by a severe winter. 
In southern counties of Ontario, where San Jose scale occurs, the winter mor- 
tality was found to range approximately from 55 to ^9 percent. The minimum 
winter temperatures recorded in the localities studied range \ from lU to 25 de- 
grees below zero. 
Bait-pail records show that adults of the oriental fruit moth survived the 
cold winter throughout the Niagara district, Ontario. The cold, backward spring, , 
however, retarded the development of the species-. 
An outbreak of grape leaf hoppers is again present in the Niagara district. 
The eye-spotted budnoth and Bruce' s measuring worm are more abundant then 
for several years in the Okanagan Valley, British Columbia.. 
Near Eredericton, New Brunswick, infestations of the balsam woolly aphid 
have been satisfactorily checked by the winterkil ling/I arvae above the snow line. 
Survival was good, however, under the snow. 
A careful study of the European pine shoot moth in southern Ontario revealed 
a mortality of 95 percent or more during the past unusually severe winter. 
Definite increase of tent caterpillars is reported in parts of New Brunswkk, 
Novo. Scotia, southern Quebec, and Ontario, the tents of these insects being coi& 
spicuous in many localities. Tent caterpillars also show an increase in sections 
of British Columbia whore they have been rather scarce for several years. 'Local 
damage oy tent caterpillars is reported from the Prairie Provinces. 
Scouting for the brown-tail moth in the Maritime Provinces revealed only 
four webs near St. Stephen, New Brunswick, and in these the larvae were dead. 
No traces of the insect were found in Nova Scotia. 
In Ontario and Quebec, and probably elsewhere in eastern Canada, mosquitoes 
are more troublesome than for several years, owing to the heavy winter snowfall. 
Blackflies also are exceptionally numerous in various localities. 
The rhododendron white fly ( Dialeurodes chittende ni Lairg. ) was found for te 
first time in Canada this spring, infesting nur series in the vicinity of Vancouver 
and Victoria, British Columbia. Efforts are being made to eradicate this pest. 
