56 
THE CHEMIST AND DRUGGIST. 
November, 1880. 
non-volatile substance, so that to purify a complicated process 
is required. 
The best process for preparing nitrite of amyl is a modifi- 
cation of Balard’s process. Amylic alcohol is first rectified until 
pure, until its boiling point is about 270° F. This alcohol, 
with an equal quantity of nitric acid, is introduced into 
a large glass retort, and moderate heat applied, gradually 
increasing. When the mixture approaches boiling the 
fire is removed and reaction allowed to continue. If the 
application of ihe heat has been too rapid or too long continued 
great frothing occurs, and contents of retort may froth over. 
Moderate and slowly increasing heat must be used, when the 
reaction is much less violent, the temperature rising gradually 
after removal of the fire and the beginning of boiling. As 
soon as the thermometer inserted in the tubulus rises above 
212° F. the receiver is changed, the distillate now becoming 
more and more mixed with ethyl amylic ether, and nitrate of 
amyl, readily perceived by change in ordour. The distillate 
obtained below 112° F. is shaken with an aqueous solution 
of carbonate of potassium to remove free acids, and after 
separation the oily liquid is introduced into a clean retort and 
again slowly heated. The first portion coming over is amylic 
aldehyde. When the very slowly increased heat has risen to 
205° F. the receiver is changed, and the distillate now 
collected is nitrate of amyl, until the thermometer reaches 
212° F., when distillation is stopped. 
To Dr. Brunton belongs great merit of being one of the first 
to use this remedy, and of inferring correctly its therapeutic 
effect from its physiological action ; also to the researches of 
Dr. Richardson is a very great deal due. 
In thirty to forty seconds, whether inhaled, subcutaneously 
injected, or swallowed, it flushes the face and increases the 
heat and perspiration of the head, face, and neck ; sometimes 
the increased warmth and perspiration affect the whole surface ; 
or while the rest of the surface glows the hands and feet may 
become very cold, and this condition of the extremities may 
last for hours. It quickens the pulse in a variable degree, 
sometimes doubling its pace. This augmented heat of the 
pulse precedes the flushing by a few seconds. 
It causes the heart and carotides to beat strongly, and some- 
times produces slight cough and breathlessness. 
It often causes slight giddiness, mental confusion, and a 
dream-like state. 
It relaxes the whole arterial system, probably by partially 
paralysing the sympathetic ganglia and motor nerves. This 
paralysing effect of the arterial system is well shown by 
sphygmographic tracings, the flushing of the face, and the 
increase of the size of visible arteries, like the temporal, which 
often becomes notably large, sometimes, indeed, being doubled 
in size, and branches previously invisible become plainly 
apparent ; and by the interesting fact that has been observed 
by several who, while cupping a patient over the loins, and 
finding the blood would not flow, administered nitrite of amyl 
by inhalation when the cuts immediately began to bleed 
freely. Nitrite of amyl is administered generally by inhala- 
tion, doses being two to five drops. If administrated 
internally, should be given in sugar or dissolved in alcohol. 
It is of extreme value in angnia pectoris, and in many 
spasmodic diseases it has proved valuable. 
Relief in asthma is often immediate, and in almost any con- 
vulsive disorder much good may be expected from its employ- 
ment. 
MELBOURNE INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION. 
( Continued. ) 
Belgium. — T. X. De Beuklaer, 77 Rue Kipdorp, Antwerp, 
hygienic liqueur. A. Deelereq, 18 Rue du Convent, Antwerp, 
elixir. B. Dupuy, 80 Montague de la Cour, Brussels, cressine 
nasitorine (concentrated juice of watercress and lozenges). 
Kock and Reis, raffinerie du Noid, Antwerp, sulphur, raw, re- 
fined, crystallised, &c. A. J. Laurent, 36 Rue Fousmy, Brus- 
sels. pharmaceutical substances. Solvay and Co., Couillet, 
carbonate of soda and chloride of calcium. C. V anderbruggen, 
13 Rue du Fort, St. Gilles, near Brussels, hygienic liqueurs. 
L. E. Verbist, pharmaceutical chemist, aessehot, mercurial 
ointment. G. G. Yerzyl, and Co., Chemical Works, Louvain, 
chemicals used in the manufacture of saltpetre and nitrate of 
soda, chloride of potassium. 
France. — Candes and Co., 26 Boulevard St. Denis, Paris, 
antephelic milk for the toilet. — Carcano, 35 Notre Dame de 
Nazareth, Paris, perfumed satchets. — Cottance, 19 Rue des 
Lombards, Paris, perfumery. E. Coudray and Sons, 13 Rue 
d’Enghien, Paris, perfumery, toilet soap, tooth paste, powders, 
&c. A. Delettrez, 54 and 56 Rue Richer, Paris, perfumery. 
— Guerlain, 15 Rue de la Paix, Paris, perfumery. Lyonnet Mai- 
son (Gautier and Co.), 28 Rue d’Enghien, Paris, perfumes for 
the toilet, soaps, pomades, concentrated perfumes and tooth 
pastes ; agents— Paris, Wedeles and Co., and in Melbourne, 
Schmedes, Erbsloh and Co. Muraour and Co., 25 Rue 
d’Enghien, Paris, Laferriere water, scents, perfumed oil for 
the hair, rice powder, &c. Raynaud Maison (L. Legrand), 
207 Rue St. Honore, Paris, perfumery and scented soap. 
Roger-Gallet, 38 Rue Hauteville, Paris, eau-de-Cologne, soaps, 
and perfumery. Bertrand Roure, Grasse, Alpes-Maritimes, 
scents, perfumed oils, pomades. — Yiard, Levallois-Perret, 
Seine, eau-de-Ninon and Yelontine Yiard toilet vinegar, &c. 
A. Allenet, Angouleme, Charente, wine king, tonic and ape- 
rient wine. Armet de Lisle and Co., 18 Rue Malher, Paris, 
sulphate of quinine. — Arnaud, 141 Rue Montmartre, Paris, 
chemical and pharmaceutical products. — Bandon, 11 Rue 
des Francs- Bourgeois, Paris, Bandon wine, elixir eupeptic of 
Tissy. D. Belugon, Montpellier, quina cura^oa Belugon. Y. 
Beyer, 32 Rue Delaborde, Paris, elixir water and dentrifrice. 
Blaquart and Genevoix, 14 Rue des Beaux Arts, Paris, que- 
venne iron, hydrogene iron. A. Boude and Sons, 52 Rue St. 
Ferreol, Marseilles, sulphur of every description. A. Catillon, 
1 Rue Fontaine and 2 Rue Chaptal, Paris, pepsine Catillon, 
syrup of Catillon, ferruginous wine of Catillon. Charras and 
Co., Nyons (Drome), essential oils of different kinds. A. 
Chevrier, 21 Rue du Faubourg Montmartre, Paris, codliveroil, 
cocoa wine, codliver wine. Chouet and Co., 8 Place de 
l’Opera, Paris, tooth powder and dentrifrice of Dr. Pierre. E. 
Chouillon, 13 Quai du Havre, Rouen, chemical manures. 
Coignet, Sons and Co., 131 Rue Lafayette, Paris, gelatine, 
gelatine gum, and strong gum. Compaigne des Eaux Minerales 
Naturelles de Yichy (sources, Elizabethand Ste, Marie), 124 Rue 
St. Lazare, Paris, Yichy water. Desnoix and Co., 17 Rue Yieille 
du Temple, Paris, blisters, sticking-plasters, &c. E. Duriez, 
20 Place des Yosges, Paris, quinordine Duriez, elixir Duero. 
— Dutant, 26 Rue d’Enghien, Paris, Dutant’s food for young 
children, invalids, and the aged. Favier, Berard and Co., 
Valence (Drome), Glycirrhizine amonicale, ducime in powder, 
essential oils. Feil and Son, 56 Rue Lebrun, Paris, artificial 
reproduction of minerals, crystallisation of alluminium of 
magnesia. — Freyssinge, 97 Rue de Rennes, Paris, Freys- 
singe tar, salicale Dusaule, Dartois’ pills, &c. Genevoix and 
Co., 7 Rue de Jouy, Paris, chemical and pharmaceutical pro- 
ducts. St. G. Girandeau, 12 Rue Richer, Paris, Rob boyceau 
laffecteur, vegetable syrup. A. Guislain, Galleries de Yalois, 
185 Palais Royal, Paris, Peruvian cocoa wine. Homolle and 
Blaquart, 7 Rue de Belzunce, Paris, Homolle and Quevenne 
digitaline. A. Hottot and Co., 7 Avenue Victoria, Paris, pure 
pepsine, pepsine and peptine preparations. Jounet and Serret, 
118 Grand Chemin de Toulon, Marseilles, pale blue soap 
(called “ Marseilles soap”), white soap. E. Julien, St. Amand, 
Nord, anti-asthmatic trochus. — Lefebvre, Illiers, Eure et 
Loire, green water Lefebvre— a remedy against fever amongst 
animals. Limousin and Co., 4 Rue des Vieilles, Han- 
driettes, Paris, pharmaceutical products, seals for bottles. 
Montreuil Bros., A. Yignat and Co., 40 Boulevard 
National, Clichy, Paris, chemical and pharmaceutical pro- 
ducts ; agents — Paris, Wedeles and Co., and in Melbourne, 
Schmedes, Erbsloh and Co. Mothes, Lamouroux and Co., 68 
Rue J. J. Rousseau, Paris, capsules, Mothes. La Cie. des Eaux 
de Pestrin, Perbrin, natural mineral waters of Pestrin (acidu- 
lated, ferruginous, arsenical, &c). A. Pontois, Montbard, Cote 
d’Or, quinapontois, prepared with quinquina calysaya, and the 
rind of the shaddock, &c. Poulenc and Son, 7 Rue Neuve St. 
Merri, Paris, chemical products, for photographers, chemists, 
and for commerce. E. de Ricqles and Co., 41 Rue Richer, 
Paris, and 9 Cour d’Her Bouville, Lyons, alcohol de Menthe 
de Ricqles. Roseau & Co., 57 Rue Rambuteau, Paris, insect- 
destroying powder. Solvay and Co., Yarangeville Dombasle, 
Meurthe et Moselle, carbonate of soda manufactured by E. 
Solvay’s process, soda crystals manufactured from Solvay’s soda. 
(Annual production of this firm equals 50,000,000 kilog. of 
pure carbonate of soda. Diploma of Honour, Vienna, 1873 ; 
Medal, Philadelphia, 1876 ; Grand Prize, Grand Medal, Paris, 
1878. Agents, Arlbs, Dufour and Co. — Surun, 378 Rue St. 
Honore, Paris, Seguin’s quinquina wine. Thessier-Fevre, 398 
Rue St. Honors, Paris, apparatus for making seltzer water at 
home. C. Torchon, 19 Rue Jacob, Paris, chemical and 
pharmaceutical products. 
( To be continued.) 
