PLTJM CURCIJLIO 
Adults of the plum curculio ( Conotrachclun nenuphar Ebst.) emerged 
from hibernation in the South Atlantic States much later than usual as 
compared with the stage of fruit development. Cool weather prevailed from 
the time of blooming from March 1 urn to the third week in that month, 
holding the insect in hibernation. The first overwintering adult to be 
observed in the field was collected at Thomaston, Ga. , on March 25. This 
is about a week later than the first cuculio was collected at this place 
in 1930. By March 25, 1930, approximately 1,000 adults had been collected 
by jarring from the same orchard from which the single individual was taken 
this year. 3y the first week of April adults were observed in North Caro- 
lina, by the second week they were observed in Virginia, and, by the third 
week in central Hew Jersey. In the Fort Valley section of Georgia ovipo- 
sition started later than it did in 1930. This year the first eggs were 
found on April 11, while last year they were found April 20; the latter 
date is decidedly later than normal. Daring May the insect was being 
reported from New England and the Middle Atlantic States as abnormally 
abundant. On the other hand, in Georgia the infestation was the lightest 
that had been observed in 13 years. In the Hudson River Valley and cen- 
tral New Jersey damage became' quite severe during July. Throughout the 
East Central States the infestations as a whole were low, bu£ little dam- 
age being done. As the season advanced some late damage was reported 
from the States immediately west of the Alleghenies, but on the whole the 
only region suffering serious damage from this insect was that extending 
from central New Jersey up the Hudson River Valley and into New England. 
SHOT-HOLE BORER 
As was to be ex-oected, following the very severe drought which occurred 
over a very large part of the country during the summer of 1930, an unusual- 
ly large number of reports of damage by the shot-hols borer ( Scolytus rugu- 
losus Ratz.) were received this year from regions extending from New York 
and Michigan down the Ohio River Valley and along the western Appalachians 
through Kentucky to Alabama and Mississippi. Associated with a very dry 
season, this insect has been more destructive than usual in California, 
damage being particularly severe on crimes. 
FRUIT APHIDS 
Observations made during the late winter of 1930-51 indicated that 
eggs of the rosy apple aphid ( Anuraphi s roseus Baker) were abnormally 
scarce through the New England, Middle Atlantic, South Atlantic, and East 
Central States. However, in Pennsylvania there seemed to be enough eggs 
to occasion some apprehension. The apple aphid ( Aphis pomi DeG. ) was 
quite generally reported as scarce, as was also the apple grain aphid 
.(flho-palo siphttm prunifoliae Fitch). The lower Mississippi Valley reports 
bf deciduous fruit aphids indicated that these insects were unusually 
abundant. By the middle of April both species became very abundant in 
central New York. During May the situation changed but slightly; both in- 
creased toward the end of the month. Early in June the rosy apple aphid 
suddenly developed to serious proportions in southern New England and the 
