,,J455~ 
Reports of- similar damage were received from the' El Paso Valley of Texas and 
the Mesilla Valley of New Mexico. C. S. Rude reported the insect was present 
throughout the cotton fields of the Laguna district of Mexico in April and 
early in May, and in many cases the cotton was almost completely defoliated. 
Although in most cases the cotton recovered, it was considerably ls.ter 
"because of the attack. (U. C. Loftin, Bureau of Entomology and Plant Quaran- 
tine, U. S. D. A. ) 
APKIDS ON COTTON 
The cotton aphid (Aphis gossy:oil. Glov. ) occurred as usual wherever 
cotton was grown. Usually it is the most important aphid attacking cotton, 
"but a survey made during 1935 indicated, that- A. medicaginis Koch was more 
serious as a cotton pest and more generally distributed in the Atlantic 
Coast States. Its attacks are usually confined to the terminal "buds and it 
is seldom seen on the large leaves, except in cases of extremely heavy in- 
festations. A. ^ossypii was frequently reported as serious in all parts of 
the Cotton Belt following the use of arsenical poisons "but many heavy infes- 
tations were oh served in fields where no arsenicals had been used. These 
leaf aphids caused a"bout the same amount of damage in South Carolina in 1935 
as. during the previous year. In Mississippi no serious aphid infestation 
was o"b served in 1935> except on cotton that had "been dusted. Heavy infesta- 
tions developed on many plots where only three applications of calcium ar- 
senate were made during the season. In Louisiana cotton aphids were 
present in unusually large numbers and caused some injury during the past 
season, particularly . on poisoned cotton. In the vicinity of College Station, 
Tex. , aphids -were first observed on cotton in April and hy May IS were fairly 
abundant in many fields. The infestations began to decrease during the first 
week of June and remained low until the early part of August, following heavy 
dusting. The infestations were heavy during the remainder of the season and 
possibly caused some injury to small bolls, as some failed to develop to 
normal size and opened prematurely. At Port Lavaca, Tex. , the aphids were 
comparatively scarce on cotton during May and June during the period when 
infestation usually is most serious. The damage caused by root aphids 
( Anuranhis maidi-radicis Eorbes, Trif idaohi s "iiaseoli Pass., and Rho~oalo~i- 
phum sp. ) was far greater in 1935 than in 19 3^ • (E» W. Harned, Bureau of 
.Entomology and Plant Quarantine, U. S, D. A. ) 
COTTOIT FLEA HOPPER 
Emergence of the cotton flea hopper from overwintered eggs was about 
normal in southern Texas during the spring of 1935* Although the general in- 
festation in cotton fields was a little la.ter than usual, weather conditions 
were favorable for its ra~oid multiplication during the latter part of May 
and during June. The hopper took a large toll of the early crop of cotton 
throughout southern Texas and also throughout most of the black-land belt of 
central Texas. The damage caused by this insect to the early crop and by the 
leaf worm and boll weevil to the late crop caused a considerable reduction 
in the final yield in the coastal and black-land sections of Texas. Croton 
was abundant last fall and, as this is the principal plant in which the cotton 
flea hopper overwinters in the egg stage, conditions are favorable for a large 
number of these insects to hibernate successfully in this stage. At College 
Station, Tex. , the total emergence in cages was higher in the spring of 1935 
than in any recent year except 1932« Nymphs and adults were observed late in 
