4 
The Ohio Naturalist. 
[Vol. X, No. 1, 
Larvae : The larvae are white in color and from one-half 
to three-fourths of an inch long. They vary very much in size. 
One would judge that those destined to produce females are 
larger than the others. The larvae found in the deadened Elm 
branches were smaller than those found in the girdled Honey 
Locust branches. Probably the difference in the kind of nutri- 
ment obtained determines the size of the larvae. 
When examined with a lens, the body is found to be sparselv 
covered with short, dark hairs. These hairs are more numerous 
on the anterior end than on the posterior end. The mouth parts 
are brown. After hatching they burrow in the wood and remain 
there until late in the following summer. Beginning early in 
the spring they excavate galleries in the dead branch just 
beneath the bark. Frequently they are found burrowing in the 
solid wood, and still more frequently in the pith. Their growth 
is very slow and it takes very little wood to satisfy them. 
In one instance a larva came to maturity and changed to a 
pupa in a gallery two inches long. This gallery was about cne- 
eighth of an inch in diameter. Two pupae were found side bv 
side in separate galleries in a branch one-half inch in diameter. 
At present I am unable to state definitely how long the larvae 
exist in these cut-off branches. Some at least spend two winters 
in the wood, but this can not be said of all. This point is now 
under observation. 
Before the larva changes to a pupa, it cuts a pinhole in the 
bark near the end of the gallery, and closes the opening of the 
burrow with fine shavings. This gives the pupal cell an opening 
to the outside for air and egress when the proper time comes. 
In a girdled Hickorv branch now before me the larvae aver- 
age one-fifth inch in length. They are at work in galleries one- 
fourth inch in length, and none of them have burrowed deep 
into the wood. These larvae were hatched more than five months 
ago. This shows plainly how slow their growth is. Owing to the 
scarcitv of full grown larvae we can logically conclude that these 
small larvae will be our girdlers this coming Fall. Some of the 
smaller and poorly nourished larvae will certainly pass another 
winter in the branches. In every instance observed the two- 
winter larvae were found only in the Honey Locust branches. 
The extreme hardness of this wood might account for this de- 
laved development. 
The number of eggs laid in girdled branches varies from three 
to twentv. Below is given a record of the number of eggs laid 
in twenty branches. The count was made at random, and 
includes branches from different trees. 
