IOO 
The Ohio Naturalist 
[Yol. X, No. 5, 
from topographic map. It was formerly quarried and burned 
beside the roadway on the west side of the Cemetery. The owner 
of the land reports the limestone as 4 feet thick and underlaid 
by about 2 feet of coal. This stratum is clearly the Putnam 
Hill limestone. 
Middle Branch. In the vicinity of Middle Branch a village 
about 7 miles north of Canton several outcrops of limestone occur. 
In fact almost anywhere at the proper horizon where the native 
strata occur limestone is present. It is often absent but this is 
due to preglacial erosion and drift now occupies its position in 
such places. The most extensive exposure of this conspicuous 
stratum occurs at the quarry of the Diamond Cement Works 
about a mile north of Middle Branch. This point is nearly 8 
miles from the outcrop in northwest Canton, but various outcrops 
from Canton northward show this heavy stratum with its under- 
lying coal to be the Putnam Hill limestone. The 11-inch coal 
as seen in the quarry is heavily charged with sulphur which is 
typical of it south of Canton. Furthermore a limestone is found 
above the quarry stratum near the quarry, and the elevation of 
the limestones here indicates a gradual rise which is quite in 
harmony with facts found from Howenstein to Canton. It 
appears quite clear from all the data given that the limestones 
here to be described are the Putnam Hill and the Vanport. At 
this quarry acres of the Putnam Hill have been removed for the 
manufacture of cement and the best opportunity for studying this 
stratum found anywhere is presented here. It attains a greater 
thickness here than it is known to have in any other outcrop of 
its whole extent. The stratum as seen at the present time in the 
quarry is mostly overlain by drift and shows much scoring by the 
ice where the top is exposed especially 911 the north side of the 
quarry. In the center of the quarry a large block of the lime- 
stone has been left stand temporarily in order that the overlying 
shale may be used in the manufacture of cement. Practically 
everywhere else the ice seems to have swept the limestone bare 
but here in the center 164 feet of brown arenceous shale caps the 
stratum. The quarry is being extended northward toward the 
hill and the same shale will doubtless be encountered in a few 
years. A very striking feature of the limestone is the pronounced 
undulation found. This is a character, however, common to all 
the limestones but no other outcrop affords so good an oppor- 
tunity of seeing it in the Putnam Hill. It is quite evident that 
such undulation will affect the measurements of sections, espec- 
ially where the wave crest of one limestone occurs above the 
trough of another, thus making the strata appear farther apart 
than they really are, or again if the section be measured where a 
crest of the lower, and a trough of the upper occur they will 
