Mar., 1910.] Pennsylvanian Limestones. i 1 7 
The interval between (2) and (5) on the east side of the 
township is seen to be 101 feet, and it may be reasonably expected 
that about the same interval would occur on Meander Creek. 
At Howenstein it is 119 feet, at Alliance 115 feet, at Lowellville 
115 feet. Since the Ewing ontcrop is nearer east Canfield 
Township with the 101 foot interval, a 101 foot interval on 
Meander Creek seems entirely reasonable. The horizon of 
No. (5) on Meander Creek then would be about 1141 feet above 
sea, or about 26 feet above the Ewing coal. 
Recourse to another measurement may be taken which tends 
to confirm the conclusion that the horizon of the Vanport lies 
higher than the Ewing coal. From the data on the strata at 
Alliance and southward and with the Upper Freeport limestone 
lying at 65 feet above the Middle Kittanning coal in the Minerva 
Tunnel-cut it will be seen that the interval between the Vanport 
and the Upper Freeport limestones is 121 feet in that locality. 
The Upper Freeport limestone is found on the Canfield-Greenford 
highway in the Goodman Hill at 1256 feet above sea. This 
point is one mile a little south of east from the Ewing mine, and 
the limestone is readily recognized as the Upper Freeport by its 
brecciated character and a minute coiled worm-like fossil in great 
numbers. The interval between the Ewing coal and the lime- 
stone is 141 feet. Dip, if there were evidence of it in this locatliy, 
would increase this measurement. „ As it is, it exceeds the first 
measurement by 20 feet which is near the interval between the 
Ewing coal and the horizon at which the previous calculation 
would place the Canfield Cannel or the coal beneath the Vanport 
limestone. 
If the Ewing coal were the Canfield Cannel and the limestone 
found by Dr. Orton the Vanport, then the interval between the 
Lower Mercer and the Vanport limestone on Meander would be 
only 93 feet which is considerably less than the average interval. 
Beardsley Outcrop. On the east branch of Meander Creek 
and about 1 mile northwest of the County Infirmary an outcrop 
of the Lower Mercer occurs on the farm of Edward Beardsley. Its 
average thickness is about 3 feet and was formerly quarried 
extensively and shipped to the furnaces at Leetonia. At 12 to 
IS feet below the limestone a bed of coal is found which reaches 
a thickness of 3 feet and has been mined to a considerable extent 
for local use. It thickens and thins rapidly and at one point is 
seen to be only 13 inches. It is certainly the same coal seen 
below Club Lake and on Little Mill Creek. The limestone lies at 
about 1021 feet above sea. 
Ripple Outcrop. South of West Austintown one-half mile 
along the Erie Railroad and just above the residence of Mr. John 
Ripple the Lower Mercer outcrops in the highway at 1028 above 
sea. In the mine beside the old Paint Works the limestone 
