4 86 
The Ohio Naturalist. 
[Vol. XII, No. 5, 
well developed, the eyes pale but full sized, the facets faintly 
marked. The ocelli are white, rounded projections. The anten- 
nae full-sized but colorless, bent ventrallv, arista pale extending 
laterally. The thorax is hardly fully expanded, pale fleshy, the 
vestiture very faint. A decided flexure at the junction of thorax 
and abdomen throws the scutellum beneath the anterior part 
of the abdomen. 
The mouth-parts are short, thick, fleshy cylinders. The eyes 
approach each other at the lower part of the head more closely 
than in the adult. The legs are definitely segmented and of 
definite outline the vestiture and claws pale. The femora extend 
antero-laterallv, the fore and middle tibiae and tarsi postero- 
medially parallel to the femora. The hind tibias however develops 
a strong flexure (Fig. 52, a). This leg is bent up under the wing- 
pad and back, the tarsus projecting to the tip of the abdomen on 
the median ventral line. The tibia is bent beyond the middle at 
an angle of 150° thus shortening the extent of the leg posteriorly. 
The wings are pale and fleshy but show the development of 
the adult venation. There is a prominent U-shaped loop about 
the middle of the costal margin and the rest of the wing is very 
much crumpled and folded. 
In a later stage (Fig. 54) very shortly before emergence, the 
dark reddish-brown color of the eyes and the black and yellow 
banding of the abdomen showed clearly; the vestiture was well 
developed and the shape and segmentation that of the adult with 
the following exceptions: The scutellum is broader and flatter 
than in the adult condition, the thorax fleshy, without an)* of the 
adult coloring, but with the vestiture well developed, showing 
three longitudinal bands. The mouth-parts are fleshy, flattened, 
unextended. Wings much as in the earlier stage but with hairs 
on the margin, veins black. The two wing membranes are not 
apposed and much corrugated, blue-gray in color. 
Since the generations are considerably confused during an}" 
season, the date of pupation can be stated only in a general way. 
This may be inferred from the dates given for the occurrance 
of the larvae. In experiments indoors from the first eggs deposited 
in spring, I secured pupae on May 22. Winter is sometimes 
passed in the pupa stage but whether this is the only method of 
wintering I cannot say. 
This stage is for the most part passed in the same location as 
the larval. I have found puparia glued by the posterior segment 
to leaves of cabbage and among flower- and leaf-axils of Rumex 
crispus. Some of the specimens kept on potted cabbage, were 
found as pupae buried under a half inch or more of the soil in the 
pot. The puparium becomes very hard and more or less impervious. 
