May, 1912.] A Study of Buckeye Lake and Vicinity. 
5 2 9 
From these logs the direction, location, depth and in many places 
width of Newark valley can be plotted quite accurately. 
Beginning with the southwestern portion of Newark, a well 
just north of the junction of the South Fork of the Licking and 
Raccoon creek and half way between the union of these streams 
and the tracks of the Shawnee Branch of the Baltimore and Ohio 
railroad shows that the rock has been excavated to 527 feet above 
sea level, 323 feet below the present river at that point. From 
this point southwestern for a distance of 5 miles the center of the 
old valley lies a little to the west of the Ohio canal and the Ohio 
Electric railway. It then turns directly south to Buckeye Lake. 
A well 2J/2 miles northeast of Hebron shows the rock to have been 
excavated to 510 feet above sea level, which is 360 feet below the 
present surface. Here the width of the ancient valley is clearly 
shown by well defined valley walls. To the west just north of 
Luray on the National road the rock walls are 930 feet above sea 
level ; but 30 feet below the present surface ; and to the east a well 
| of a mile north of the National road and 300 feet east of the 
Baltimore and Ohio railroad tracks struck the rock at 920 feet 
above sea level, but 40 feet below the present surface. 
Measuring from these points I find the valley to have been 4^ 
miles wide along the National road. The greatest depth in this area 
was found in a well in the field along the north shore of Buckeye 
Lake. Bed rock in this well was struck at 430 feet below the present 
surface, 450 feet above sea level. Buckeye Lake lies along the 
southern margin of the valley and not in the center. The trend 
from the lake is south and southwest to Basil and Baltimore. 
Between the lake and Baltimore I found but few wells so that the 
valley is not so clearly defined in this section, but it is much 
broader than immediately north of the lake. 
Gas wells are very numerous at Basil, Baltimore and in the 
immediate vicinity of the two towns. Here the valley is at least 
8 miles wide, is open and level. At Basil it turns more directly 
to the southwest following in general the course of the Little 
Walnut. It crosses the Franklin county line and connects with 
the valley mapped by Dr. Hubbard 13 in Franklin county. Newark 
valley as I have traced it coincides quite closely with the one 
described by Tight 14 and Leverett 15 except in the southern portion. 
Among the well records of this section the greatest depth is re- 
corded in a well in Basil, which shows that the rock has been 
excavated to 452 feet above sea level, 388 feet below the level of 
Little Walnut creek. If this greatest depth was approximately 
the center of the valley the stream was here farther north than the 
one mapped by Tight. 
13. Hubbard, George D. The Geology of Columbus and vicinity. Bull. 14: Geol Survey 
• of Ohio. 1912. 
14. Tight. G. W. Drainage modifications in southeastern Ohio and adjacent parts of West 
Virginia and Kentucky. U. S. G. S. Prof. Paper 13. 
15. Leverett Frank. Mon. 41: U. S. G. S. p. 410. 
