5 3 6 
The Ohio Naturalist. 
[Vol. XII, No. 8, 
The larvae have no defensive structures so far as I am aware. 
Their color is probably of a great deal of protective value to them. 
On cabbage and on dock they very closely resemble the color of 
the leaves. On cabbage they are frequently in a position among 
the leaves inaccessible to predaceous enemies; on dock the under 
side of the leaf is not a conspicuous position; and on persimmon 
they are most commonly closely rolled about by the curling leaf. 
Numerous larvae of the autumn generation on cabbage are 
parasitized by the small Ichneumonid, Bassus Icetatorius Fabr.f 
Pupa. 
Dimensions, average of eight: Length about 5.25 mm., max- 
imum breadth 2.5 mm., maximum height 2.3 mm. This neglects 
the breathing tubes at the posterior end of the body which may 
project 0.5 mm. farther posteriorly or be directed more dorsally. 
The puparium is broadest and deepest in front of the middle, 
the anterior end bulbous ; strongly and evenly depressed and com- 
pressed to the posterior end, the posterior elevation very gradual. 
(See Figs. 69 and 70). 
The color in this stage changes very decidedly during the devel- 
opment of the nymph within the translucent puparium. The 
color is not resident in the pupal envelope but due almost entirely 
to the inclosed matter. Consequently at first the colors are those 
of the larva — light pea-green with a brownish remnant of the dorsal 
blood vessel and, at the sides of this, the two whitish lines. The 
flattened posterior end of the puparium, including the breathing 
tubes, however, is light testaceous brown, the tips about the spira- 
cles black. Midway on the length of the breathing appendages is 
a dark brown ring. 
As the pupa developes within, the color changes, gradually 
losing all trace of the green and assuming more and more the colors 
of the adult. The first thing to be noticed is the reddish brown 
color of the eyes replacing the green in the anterior third of the 
pupa. Later the black and yellow abdominal markings become 
apparent. 
The puparium is smooth, bare; the segmental spines incon- 
spicuous. The breathing tubes as in the larva, prominent sub- 
cylindrical, the tips around the spiracles becoming black. The 
wrinkles of the skin often remain rather prominent. 
Pupae were found on persimmon June 1 to 5; on Rumex more or 
less continuously from the latter part of June, through July to 
August; and on cabbage from September 15 to October 15. In 
captivity a number of pupae were formed between September 21 
and October 1. 
fSee The Ohio Naturalist, Vol. XII, No. 5, pp. 4S3, 484, Mar., 1912. 
