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J REST AND SHADE - T RE E INSECTS 
CANKERWORMS (Geometridae) 
Maine. J. V. Schaffner, Jr. (June 12): A large area of oak and naple wood- 
land between Biddeford and Kennebunk was severely injured by the fall 
cankorworm ( Alsophila ponetaria Harr.). 
Massachusetts. A. I. Bourne (Juno 25): Cankerworns were nore abundant than 
usual generally over the State and their work was quite conspicuous at 
many points. A serious outbreak was found in southern Berkshire County, 
where the insects caused alnost complete defoliation of nany of the 
large elns, particularly south of Great Barrington and along the Connec- 
ticut Border. 
Connecticut. ¥. E. Britton (June 22): Many eln and oak trees have been de- 
foliated by the spring cankerworn (Pal eacrita vernata Peck.), particularly 
in the northern and western parts of the State. Such a severe outbreak 
has not occurred in these sections in recent years, and property owners 
were unprepared for it. Specimens have been received from Bridgeport, 
Danbury, Litchfield, and Waterbury. Pall cankerworns have, as usual, 
been prevalent in the southern part of the State and sone orchard, shade, 
and woodland trees have been defoliated. 
New York. R. D. Glasgow (June 17): Cankerworns (both species) have defoliated 
shade trees in parts of Albany County. The fall cankerworn has been nuch 
less abundant in Westchester County this year than during the last U or 
5 years. 
M. Kisliuk (June 12): On May 30 severe danage to the foliage of 
various forest trees, particularly oak and naple, by the spring canker- 
worn was noted at the various New York State parks on Long Island. Many 
of the trees were nearly 75 percent defoliated and the larvae were so 
numerous that after a 5~ r 'inute walk through sone of the forest lanes a 
person could pick from 25 to 100 larvae fron his clothing. 
New Jersey. H. W. Allen (May 2H) : A heavy infestation of cankerworns, with 
complete defoliation of some oak and hickory noted on wooded hills north 
of Princeton. 
Ohio. T. H. Parks (June): Fall cankerworns and other species of span worms 
have caused serious defoliation of shade trees in western Ohio. While 
elns have been most seriously defoliated, hackberry oak, hickory, and 
maple are also affected. Some injury has also occurred to forest trees 
in northeastern Ohio. 
J. N. Knull (May 29): There is a severe infestation of cankerworms 
in the vicinity of Clifton, in Greene County. Many elm and apple trees 
are entirely defoliated. I Honoylocust, wild cherry, and white oak also 
show severe defoliation. C alosoma willcoxi Lec. was present in large 
numbers feeding on the larvae. 
