78 
The Ohio Naturalist. 
[Vol. IV, No. 4, 
filled with old, dead leaves ! The channel is located near the 
month of the gorge and is cut through Clinton limestone. Its 
length is about one-half mile, its average width 125 feet, and its 
present height above the river, 22 feet. This corre.sponds to the 
depth of Prof. Claypole’s drilling. In fact, all the evidence goes 
to prove that this channel is preglacial and is now largely filled 
with drift. At the head of the channel a ravine has cut a deep 
trough, showing very nicely the character of the filling (boulder 
clay). The owner of the land upon which the channel is located 
says that at one time a large stump standing in the old channel 
turned over and in the course of a few months disappeared 
entirel}'. A few bluffs are to be seen at the lower end of the 
channel, giving additional proof of its origin. 
Not long ago Prof. Bownocker worked out the history of this 
river, but unfortunately overlooked this old channel. He has 
traced, however, the old channel to within about a mile of this 
one. So that this di-scover}- simply extends the cour.se of .some 
ancient river bed, whose course is being graduall}’ mapped out. 
A terrace with an average height of about 30 feet was found in 
the gorge. This would indicate, in the history of the ])resent 
stream, a general upward movement of the crust, in times past. 
The gorge itself is without doubt post-glacial. 
Note : The topographical map which accompanies this sketch was made 
by Miss .-\lice Carr, yiiss Gertrude Baker and ^Ir. R. O. Wead of the geology 
class of .\ntioch College. 
.Antioch College. 
INDEX TO UREDINEOUS CULTURE EXPERIMENTS 
WITH LIST OF SPECIES AND HOSTS FOR 
NORTH AMERICA. 
\V. .A. Keli.erm.cn. 
I Abstract.) 
Careful culture work to determine life histories of fungi or 
cycles of development was initiated by Ue Bary in 1865. It was 
continued by him in 1866 and in the same year also taken up by 
Oersted and Woronin. A few years later other foreign botanists 
engaged in similar work, and the list continued to the pre.sent 
contains such additional names as Schroeter, Rostrup, Winter, 
Schenk, Cornu, Plowright, Klehban, Hartig, Dietel, Barclay, 
P'ischer, Tubeuf, Soppit, Tranzschal, Eriksson, Pazschke, Juel, 
Wagner, Bubak, Jack}-, Shirai, Miiller and Ward. 
In America Dr. Earlow was the pioneer worker, publi.shing his 
first experiments on the “ Gymnosporangia or Cedar Apples of 
the United States” in 1880. He continued work on the same 
group in 1885, and it was supplemented ( independently) by Hal- 
sted in 1886-7, published in the Bulletin of the Iowa Agricultural 
