May, 1904 .] Changes in the Drainage Near Lancaster. 
155 
two miles the valley widens normally, when it has a width of half 
a mile or more ; then the stream turns to the south, the valley 
growing narrower, and just below' Christmas rocks turns sharply 
to the west. The valley now' becomes a gorge and a mile below' 
the last turn there is no flood-plain and the walls rise abruptly to 
a height of 300 feet, the north w'all, know’ii in the region as 
Jacob’s Ladder, presenting a vertical rock cliff in the upper 100 
feet, from the top of which a splendid w'iew can be obtained of 
the surrounding country and the gorge below. Figs. 3 and 4, 
taken at the turn near Cliristmas rocks and from positions onl}’ 
200 yards apart, contrast the character of the vallej’ at the gorge 
and above it. Below' this constriction the valley- widens and con- 
tinues to Clear Creek, three miles distant. 
4. Valley of Arney Creek above the col, looking towards Lancaster. 
Returning to the point where the stream turns toward the 
south and its valley first begins to narrow, a broad valley contin- 
ues in a northeast direction and joins the Hocking valley at Lan- 
caster, w'here it is fully a mile wide, but Arney Creek is barred 
from this outlet by a drift dam 20 to 75 feet high extending 
across the valley in a northeast-southwest direction w'ith a well 
defined, rather abrupt front. This is of till as is shown in a 
nearby railroad cutting, and is one of the ridges of the terminal 
moraine of the Late Wisconsin ice epoch. Half a mile to the 
south of this deposit is a second, not very well defined, broad, 
low ridge of similar material which probably represents the outer- 
most limit of that ice sheet at this point. Betw'een the dam and 
