200 The Juno Section 
DISTRIBUTION. The Caucasus, Eastern Asia Minor, Syria and Persia; possibly it extends also further East 
into Turkestan but this is uncertain, and the plants from that region are probably /. orchioides, etc. (see p. 203). 
Caucasus. No locality, 18 — , Radde (K) (E). 
1835, Nordmann (B). 
Tiflis, 18 — , Szovitz (K) (V) (B). 
18—, K. Koch (B). 
1882, Schumann (B). 
1908 (HortD). 
Helendorf, 1838, Hohenacker (V). 
Kakhetia, 1886, Kye (B). 
Asia Minor. Kurdistan; no locality, 1840, Strangways (K). 
Cappadocia, 1834, Hb. Monbret (V). 
Armenia; Gumuschkaue, 1862, Bourgeau (K) (V). 
1890, Sintenis (B). 
Between Egin and Arabkir, 1889, Sintenis (B). 
Egin, 1890, Sintenis, no. 2441 (B). 
No locality, 18 — , Aucher-Eloy, no. 5345 (BM) (V). 
Trebizond, 1843, Wittmann (BM). 
Erzeroum, 1853, du Parillon (BM) (K). 
Diabekir, 1899 — 1900, Mansell (BM). 
Between Van and Bitlis, 1899 — 1 9°° 1 Mansell (BM). 
Talmian near the Euphrates, 1836, Chesney (V). 
Syria. (?) Saida; Barghouti^, 1853. Blanche (V). 
(?) Hebron, 1863 — 4, Lowne (BM). 
Persia. Urumiah, 1857 — (K). 
No locality, 1822, Olivier (B). 
Aderbaijan, 18 — , Fischer (K). 
Teheran, 1843, Kotschy (BM). 
Mt Elbruz (Derbend), 1843, Kotschy (BM). 
North Persia, 1848, Lynch (BM). 
Karaghan (Media), 1882, Pichler (V). 
Diagnosis. 
/. caucasica Juno; segmenta exteriora alata ; caulis brevis, folia conspicue albo-marginata, flores 
concolores viridi-lutei. 
Description. 
Rootstock , an ovate bulb, with thin brownish outer skins, and fleshy roots, persistent through the 
resting period. 
Leaves , 4 — 6 in a tuft, lanceolate, falcate, bright glossy green above and glaucous beneath with 
a white homy edge closely set with minute setae, 4 — 6 in. long at flowering time ; the leaves of 
non-flowering bulbs are two or more inches longer. 
Stem, very short, bearing 1 — 4 flowers, two forming the terminal spike, the others being sessile 
in the axils of the leaves. 
Spathes, flowered ; valves, green, inflated, lanceolate, not reaching to the top of the tube ; 2 in. long. 
Pedicel, none or extremely short, not developing even after flowering. 
Ovary, cylindrical, £ in. long. 
Tube, — 2 in. long, slender at the base and becoming slightly broader above. 
Falls , greenish-yellow, becoming more distinctly yellow some time after opening ; the haft is broad 
or wedge-shaped and the blade varies considerably in shape ; sometimes the ovate extremity expands 
into two large almost transparent wings ; in other cases these wings are only slightly developed and 
the whole blade is a rounded oblong ; the yellow or orange crest is finely toothed, almost breaking 
into hairs. 
Standards, usually deflexed rather than spreading ; the deeply channelled haft opening into a small 
oblanceolate blade, sometimes so deeply toothed on either side as to become tridentate. 
Styles, broad, greenish, sharply keeled. 
Crests , large, broadly deltoid. 
Stigma, bilobed, with a fringed edge, and a more or less well-marked cusp between the two 
segments. 
Filaments, about equal in length to the anthers, greenish-yellow. 
Anthers, creamy, large, reaching to the stigma. 
Pollen , whitish, spherical, with pentagonal bosses. 
Capsule, cylindrical, with thin papery walls, 1 — 1£ in. in length. 
Seeds, spherical or globose, not irregularly compressed as in I. orchioides. 
Observations. 
After /. alata, which was known to Clusius, I. caucasica was the next Juno species to be described. 
It is not a striking nor a very ornamental plant, but the almost transparent flowers of a delicate 
yellow harmonise so well with the glossy upper surface of the leaves that the result is very pleasing. 
