The Xiphium Section 211 
may be seen on Plates XVII and XLIII. This phenomenon is not confined however to these two 
species, for it is also found in some American species and invariably attracts the attention of ants, 
often to the detriment of the flowers 1 . 
The species may be separated as follows : — 
Outer segments (falls) with a short broad triangular haft and a nearly orbicular 
blade. 
Outer segments (falls) panduriform, having a long oval haft separated by a slight 
constriction from the ovate or nearly orbicular blade. 
Perianth tube very short, broad. 
Perianth tube ^ inch or more in length. 
The outer tunics of the bulbs thick and leathery. 
The outer tunics of the bulbs thin and membranous. 
Outer segments (falls) bearded. 
Outer segments (falls) not bearded. 
The inner segments (standards) obtuse, rounded. 
The inner segments (standards) lanceolate, pointed. 
t +/. XIPHIOIDES 
Ehrhart, Beitr. VII. p. 140 (1792). 
•Bot. Mag. 687 (1803). 
Pers. Syn. Plant, p. 52 (1805). 
Willd. Sp. PI. I. p. 231 (1797). 
•Eeden, Album, t. 4 (1872-81). 
•Red. Lil. t. 212 (1808). 
•Tratt Auswahl, no. 88 (1821). 
•Drapiez, Herb. Amat. de FI. II. p. 142 (1829). 
•Revue Hort. 1891, p. 36. 
1907, p. 446. 
•Journ. Hort. Soc. XXVIII. f. 140 (1903-4). 
Nyman, Consp. p. 700 (1878). 
Richter, PI. Eur. I. 258 (1890). 
Baker, Hbk. Irid. p. 40 (1892). 
Lynch, Book of Iris, p. 157 (1904). 
Asch. und Graeb. Syn. Mit. FI. ill. p. 514 (1906). 
Synonyms. 
/. xiphium , Linn. Spec. PI. ed. I. p. 40 (1753), ex parte (see Observations, p. 214). 
Hort. Kew. I. 73 (1789), ex parte. 
Jacquem. Coll. II. p. 320 (1788). 
I. pyrenaica, Bubani, Sched. Crit 3. 
Willk. et Lange, Prod. FI. Hisp. I. p. 142 (1861). 
Baker in Journ. Bot. IX. (1871), p. 13. 
I. cepifolia , Stokes, Bot. Comment I. p. 233 (1830). 
I. pyrenata, Bubani, FI. Pyr. IV. p. 142 (1901). 
I. anglica, Hort. ex Steud. Nom. ed. I. p. 437 (1821). 
I. argentea, Hort ex Revue Hort. LXIII. (1891), p. 36. 
I. bulbosa , Pallas MS. in Hb BM. 
Xiphium latifolium, Mill. Gard. Diet. ed. VI. no. 3 (1771). 
Baker in J. L. S. XVI. (1877). P- I22 - 
Xiphium Jacquini, Schote, Flora VII (1824), 2. Beibl. 17. 
DISTRIBUTION. The Pyrenees and apparently also the Peflas de Europa in the Asturies (if this is the locality 
meant by Gandoger's Picos de Europa (C)). 
L’Hospitalet (Ari&ge), , Petit (BM). 
Andorra, 1847, Bourgeau (K) (C) (B). 
Gfcdre, 1878, Bord&re (B). 
Bareges, 1892, Engler (B). 
Tourmalet, 1859, J. S. Mill (K). 
Pic du Midi, 1850, Moride (C), 1886, Magnier (V). 
Gavarnie, 1865 (BM). 
1880, Ball (E) (K). 
i860, Bord&re (V), 1878 (B). 
1853, de Parseval-Grandmaison (V). 
1 Cf. Clusius, Hisp. p. j86 , who, when writing of the varieties of I. xiphium, adds ‘•Omnium istarum floribus, illius vero 
praesertim quae est vario flore (quod, ut opinor, rorem quendam in lateribus exsudent), formicae mirum in modum infestae sunt. 
27—2 
I. xiphioides (see p. 21 1). 
1. 
/. xiphium (see p. 213). 
2. 
I. juncea (see p. 215). 
3 - 
I. Boissieri (see p. 217). 
4 - 
I. filifolia (see p. 218). 
I. tingitana (see p. 219). 
