March, 1907.] 
The Public Drinking Cup. 
109 
5. Micrococcus pyogenes albus (Rosenbaeh). (See above). 
6. Micrococcus pyogenes aureus (Rosenbaeh). (See above.) 
7. Bacillus prodigiosus (Ehrenberg). (See above.) 
S. Bacillus amylobacter (v. Tieghem). (See above). 
9. Saecharomyces cerevisise. (Yeast). Frequently found in 
the mouth. 
Ex. No. 9. Swab was taken from a cup at a drinking fountain 
in a small town of 4,000. The water was running in a swift 
stream on the cups in the bowl beneath and consequently a 
great many bacteria were washed off. The following bacteria 
were shown to be present: 
1. Spirillum rubrum (v. Esmarch). (See above). 
2. Sarcina aurantica (Flugge). (See above.) 
0. Bacillus sporogenes (Klein). A pathogenic bacterium which 
killed a guinea pig in 4<S hours when inoculated subcutaneously. 
This species is very similar if not identical with Bacillus areogenes 
capsulatus (Welch). Anaerobic. 
Ex. No. 10. Swab was taken from a cup found in connection 
with a water tap in a large steel works. The cup was used by a 
large number of foreign workingmen. The following bacteria 
were shown to be present: 
1. Micrococcus citreus (Sternberg). (See above.) 
2. Micrococcus lutea (Cohn). Distributed in water and air. 
0. Micrococcus pyogenes aureus (Rosenbaeh). (See above). 
4. Sarcina aurantica (Flugge). (See above.) 
5. Bacterium pneumoniae (Zopf). (See above.) 
h. Bacterium rugosum -An organism found normally in 
milk and cheese. 
There were no bacilli demonstrated, i. e., no motile forms. 
SUMMARY. 
The main facts to be noted as shown by these examinations 
are: (1) The comparatively few species of bacteria which are 
represented in the ten examinations; only 2b in all. (2) The pres¬ 
ence in eight out of the ten examinations of the pvogenic or pus 
producing bacteria, viz.: M. pyogenes aureus and albus, etc. 
(3) The presence of the Steptococcus pyogenes aureus in one case 
and the Bacterium pneumoniae in two cases. These bacteria 
have been repeatedly isolated from normal and diseased mouths 
and throats and according to some investigators are eloselv 
related if not the same organism. Reudiger* found the strepto¬ 
coccus in 30 out of 51 times in normal throats. (4) The absence 
of the mouth bacteria proper. Millerf describes 30 species of 
bacteria infesting the oral cavity. (5) The Colon bacilli reported 
may have been present in the water coming in contact with the 
* Reudiger—Journal of American Medical Ass’n, Vol. 47. Oct. 13, ’0G 
t Miller—Micro-organisms of the Human Mouth. 
