3 2 4 
The Ohio Naturalist. 
[Vol. VIII, No. 6, 
The Quercus velutina-imbricaria Forest Formation, however, 
in this part of the peninsula is far from being a continuous closed 
forest but is interspersed here and there with areas of open sand 
plain, giving to the whole a park-like aspect. 
The Blowout Formations. 
With the formation of dunes by the piling up of sand around 
the vegetation, there is a tendency towards the deflection of the 
wind so that its abrasive effect is intensified in open areas in close 
proximity to the dune. The usual result of this is a hollowing out 
of the sand at such points, constituting thus a “blowout.” 
Cowles in his work on the sand dunes of Lake Michigan has termed 
as “fossil beaches” such beach habitats as have been covered 
over with dune sand or sand plain and later exposed again by 
the drifting away of the sand. 20 
Fig. 12. In Sand Plain at edge of oak forest in northern part of the 
Dune Section. Quercus imbricaria here affords shelter under which many 
Juniper seedlings are in evidence. This will likely become in time a dune 
capped by Junipers. 
Towards the northern part of the Dune Section the Blowouts 
are soon occupied by the Arctostaphylos-Juniperus Heath For¬ 
mation as described for the dunes although here perhaps some¬ 
what more vigorous than on the dunes; due perhaps, to the some- 
20. Cowles, H. C. 1. c. Bot. Gaz. 27 : 173-175. Fossil Beaches. 
