374 
8UMMARY OF CURRENT RESEARCHES RELATING TO 
lary vascular plexus. The vagina opens near and in front of the male 
generative orifice, whereas in other Taeniae it is either below or behind 
the male orifice. The Taeniae of fish also appear to be characterized by 
the vagina forming a number of loops, which function as a receptaculum 
seminis, before it opens into the ootyp. The yolk-glands have a 
position and form in which they differ from those of warm-blooded 
T;e n ire and approach, on the one hand, Tetrabothrium, Anthobothrium, and 
some Bothriocephalidae, and on the other numerous Trematoda. 
Gymnorhynchus reptans.* * * § — M. R. Moniez has succeeded in finding 
the adult stage, not before known, of this Tetrarhynchid. He obtained 
it from the intestine of Oxyrhina glauca, in which Shark it was found by 
Baron de Guerne. It is about 30 cm. long, and so disposes of Oerley’s 
statement that the Cestodes of Cartilaginous fishes are always of small 
size. The ripe joints are almost square, being 4-5 to 5 cm. wide and 
5 to 6 cm. long. The vesicle of the larva is not found in the adult. 
Bothriocephalus latus in Sweden. | — Dr. E. Lonnberg has made an 
investigation into the presence of this tapeworm in Sweden. It is 
rather rare and sporadic in the southern provinces; in the town of 
Soderhamn, however, fifty-five cases have been observed by one physi- 
cian in fifteen years, and elsewhere it is supposed that 10 per cent, of 
the population suffer from it. Its irregular distribution appears to 
depend on the different habits of the people in various parts and on the 
number of woi'ms which they take. 
Parasites of Trutta salar.J — Prof. F. Zschokke gives an account of 
the parasite-fauna of this trout, the number of which reaches the extra- 
ordinary total of thirty-three ; there are seven Nematodes, four Acantho- 
cephali, seven Trematodes, and fifteen Cestodes. The intestinal tract, its 
walls, the peritoneum, liver, spleen, kidneys, generative organs, are all 
infected. 
Entozoa of Marine Fishes of New England.§ — Mr. E. Linton 
presents a second report on this subject, in which he deals in a very 
detailed manner with forty-two species of Cestode parasites. So far as 
the author’s investigations go it appears that very few of the Cestode 
Entozoa of fish “ pass their adult stage in different specific hosts ; ” with 
encysted forms, however, the range of hosts appears to be greater. 
The new genera formed by Mr. Linton are Rhinobothrium for R. 
flexile, R. cancellalum, and R. longicolle spp. nn., found respectively in 
Trygon centrura, Rhinoptera quadriloba, and Myliobatis fremenvillei ; 
Discocephalum for 1). pileatum sp. n. from Carcharias obscurus ; Antho- 
cephalum for A. gracile sp. n. from Trygon centrura ; Lecanicephalum for 
L. peltatum sp. n. from the last-mentioned host ; Tylocephalum for T. 
pingue sp. n. from Rhinoptera quadriloba ; Platybothrium for P. cervinum 
sp. n. from Carcharias obscurus ; Otobothrium for 0. crenicolle sp. n. from 
Sphyrna Zygsena ; and Paratsenia for P. medusia from Trygon centrura ; 
this last worm is exceedingly small and the head exhibits great variability. 
* Comptes Rendus, cxiii. (1891) pp. 870-1. 
t Centralbl. f. Bakteriol. u. Parasitenk., xi. (1892) pp. 189-92. 
X Op. cit., x. (1891 and 2) pp. 694-9, 738-45, 792-801, 829-38. 
§ Report U.S. Commission Fish and Fisheries, 1887 (1891) pp. 719-896(15 pis.). 
